自古

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	ancient; old
simp. and trad. (自古)		自	古

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zìgǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄍㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ gu²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ-kú
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chīr-kó͘ / chū-kó͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): ze⁷ gou²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zìgǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄍㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhguu
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ gu²
  - Yale: jih gú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ gu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ gu²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² kuː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-kú
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii gu`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ci⁴ gu³
  - IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ ku³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-kó͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsīr-kóo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-kó͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-kóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxkor
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ kɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔ⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ze⁷ gou²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̄ kóu
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɯ¹¹ kou⁵²/

Adverb

自古

since ancient times; from time immemorial
自古以來 / 自古以来 ― zìgǔ yǐlái ― since ancient times

Derived terms

自古以來／自古以来 (zìgǔ yǐlái)
自古皆有死，人無信不立／自古皆有死，人无信不立 (zìgǔ jiē yǒu sǐ, rén wúxìnbùlì)

自古皆有死，民無信不立／自古皆有死，民无信不立 (zìgǔ jiē yǒu sǐ, mín wúxìnbùlì)
自古紅顏多薄命／自古红颜多薄命 (zìgǔ hóngyán duō bómìng)

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