ⲙⲉⲓ
Coptic
Ma'at, depicted with a feather on her head.
Alternative forms
Conjugation
| infinitive | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ emei |
negative infinitive | ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ eštemmei | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imperative | ⲙⲉⲓ mei |
negative imperative | ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲙⲉⲓ mpermei | |||||||
| singular | plural | Nominative | ||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||||
| masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||||||
| Durative sentences | ||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟ | ⲛⲑⲟϥ | ⲛⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - | ||
| present | simple present | ϯⲙⲉⲓ timei |
ⲭⲙⲉⲓ khmei |
ⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ temei |
ϥⲙⲉⲓ fmei |
ⲥⲙⲉⲓ smei |
ⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ tenmei |
ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ tetenmei |
ⲥⲉⲙⲉⲓ semei |
ⲙⲉⲓ mei |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲙⲉⲓ eimei |
ⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ ekhmei |
ⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ eremei |
ⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ efmei |
ⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ esmei |
ⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ enmei |
ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ eretenmei |
ⲉⲩⲙⲉⲓ eumei |
ⲉⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ ere - mei | |
| focalising | ⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ aimei |
ⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ akhmei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ aremei |
ⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ afmei |
ⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ asmei |
ⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ anmei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ aretenmei |
ⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ aumei |
ⲁⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ are - mei | |
| preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ naimei |
ⲛⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ nakhmei |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ naremei |
ⲛⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ nafmei |
ⲛⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ nasmei |
ⲛⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ nanmei |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ naretenmei |
ⲛⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ naumei |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ nare - mei | |
| relative | ⲉϯⲙⲉⲓ etimei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ etekhmei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ etemei |
ⲉⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ etefmei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ etesmei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ etenmei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ etetenmei |
ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ etoumei |
ⲉⲧⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ ete - mei | |
| future | simple future | ϯⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ tinamei |
ⲭⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ khnamei |
ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ tenamei |
ϥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ fnamei |
ⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ snamei |
ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ tennamei |
ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ tetenamei |
ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ senamei |
ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ namei |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ einamei |
ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ ekhnamei |
ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ erenamei |
ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ efnamei |
ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ esnamei |
ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ ennamei |
ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ eretennamei |
ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ eunamei |
ⲉⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ ere - namei | |
| focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ ainamei |
ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ akhnamei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ arenamei |
ⲁϥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ afnamei |
ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ asnamei |
ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ annamei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ aretennamei |
ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ aunamei |
ⲁⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ are - namei | |
| preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ nainamei |
ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ nakhnamei |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ narenamei |
ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ nafnamei |
ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ nasnamei |
ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ nannamei |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ naretennamei |
ⲛaⲩⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ naunamei |
ⲛaⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ nare - namei | |
| unreal conditional | ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enainamei |
ⲉⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enakhnamei |
ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enarenamei |
ⲉⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enafnamei |
ⲉⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enasnamei |
ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enannamei |
ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enaretennamei |
ⲉⲛaⲩⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enaunamei |
ⲉⲛaⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ enare - namei | |
| relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etinamei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etekhnamei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etenamei |
ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etefnamei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etesnamei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etennamei |
ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etetennamei |
ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ etounamei |
ⲉⲧⲉ - ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ ete - namei | |
| Non-durative sentences | ||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟ | ⲛⲑⲟϥ | ⲛⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - | ||
| past | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ aimei |
ⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ akhmei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ aremei |
ⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ afmei |
ⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ asmei |
ⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ anmei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ aretenmei |
ⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ aumei |
ⲁ - ⲙⲉⲓ a - mei |
| negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲉⲓ mpimei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ mpekhmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲙⲉⲓ mpemei |
ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ mpefmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ mpesmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ mpenmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ mpetenmei |
ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ mpoumei |
ⲙⲡⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ mpe - mei | |
| affirmative preterite | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ neaimei |
ⲛⲉⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ neakhmei |
ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ nearemei |
ⲛⲉⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ neafmei |
ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ neasmei |
ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ neanmei |
ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ nearetenmei |
ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ neaumei |
ⲛⲉⲁ - ⲙⲉⲓ nea - mei | |
| negative preterite | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲙⲉⲓ nempimei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ nempekhmei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲙⲉⲓ nempemei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ nempefmei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ nempesmei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ nempenmei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ nempetenmei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ nempoumei |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ nempe - mei | |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ eaimei |
ⲉⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ eakhmei |
ⲉⲁⲙⲉⲓ eamei |
ⲉⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ eafmei |
ⲉⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ easmei |
ⲉⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ eanmei |
ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ eatetenmei |
ⲉⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ eaumei |
ⲉⲁ - ⲙⲉⲓ ea - mei | |
| focalising, relative, precursive | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ etaimei |
ⲉⲧⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ etakhmei |
ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ etaremei |
ⲉⲧⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ etafmei |
ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ etasmei |
ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ etanmei |
ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ etaretenmei |
ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ etaumei |
ⲉⲧⲁ - ⲙⲉⲓ eta - mei | |
| aorist | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ šaimei |
ϣⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ šakhmei |
ϣⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ šaremei |
ϣⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ šafmei |
ϣⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ šasmei |
ϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ šanmei |
ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ šaretenmei |
ϣⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ šaumei |
ϣⲁⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ šare - mei |
| negative | ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲉⲓ mpaimei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲭⲙⲉⲓ mpakhmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ mparemei |
ⲙⲡⲁϥⲙⲉⲓ mpafmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲥⲙⲉⲓ mpasmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ mpanmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ mparetenmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲩⲙⲉⲓ mpaumei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ mpare - mei | |
| optative | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲙⲉⲓ eiemei |
ⲉⲕⲉⲙⲉⲓ ekemei |
ⲉⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ eremei |
ⲉϥⲉⲙⲉⲓ efemei |
ⲉⲥⲉⲙⲉⲓ esemei |
ⲉⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ enemei |
ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ eretenemei |
ⲉⲩⲉⲙⲉⲓ euemei |
ⲉⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ ere - mei |
| negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲓ nnamei |
ⲛⲛⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ nnekhmei |
ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ nnemei |
ⲛⲛⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ nnefmei |
ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ nnesmei |
ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ nnenmei |
ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ nnetenmei |
ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ nnoumei |
ⲛⲛⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ nne - mei | |
| jussive, causative | affirmative jussive | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲙⲉⲓ marimei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ marekhmei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ maremei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ marefmei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ maresmei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ marenmei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ maretenmei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ maroumei |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ mare - mei |
| affirmative causative | ⲑⲣⲓⲙⲉⲓ thrimei |
ⲑⲣⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ threkhmei |
ⲑⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ thremei |
ⲑⲣⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ threfmei |
ⲑⲣⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ thresmei |
ⲑⲣⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ threnmei |
ⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ thretenmei |
ⲑⲣⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ throumei |
ⲑⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ thre - mei | |
| negative jussive, negative causative |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲙⲉⲓ mpenthrimei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ mpenthrekhmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲙⲉⲓ mpenthremei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ mpenthrefmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ mpenthresmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ mpenthrenmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ mpenthretenmei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ mpenthroumei |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ mpenthre - mei | |
| Subordinate clause | ||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟ | ⲛⲑⲟϥ | ⲛⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - | ||
| real conditional | affirmative | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ aišanmei |
ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ akšanmei |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ arešanmei |
ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ afšanmei |
ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ asšanmei |
ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ anšanmei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ aretenšanmei |
ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲓ aušanmei |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ - ⲙⲉⲓ arešan - mei |
| negative | ⲁⲓϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ aištemmei |
ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ akštemmei |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ areštemmei |
ⲁϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ afštemmei |
ⲁⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ asštemmei |
ⲁⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ anštemmei |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ aretenštemmei |
ⲁⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ auštemmei |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ - ⲙⲉⲓ areštem - mei | |
| conjunctive | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲉⲓ ntamei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲭⲙⲉⲓ ntekhmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ ntemei |
ⲛⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ ntefmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ ntesmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ ntenmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ ntetenmei |
ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲉⲓ, ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ nsemei, ntoumei |
ⲛⲧⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ nte - mei |
| negative | ⲛⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ ntaštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ ntekštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ nteštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ ntefštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ ntesštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ ntenštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ ntetenštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲧⲉⲙⲙⲉⲓ ntouštemmei |
ⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ - ⲙⲉⲓ nteštem - mei | |
| limitive, expectative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲙⲉⲓ šatimei |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲓ šatekmei |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ šatemei |
ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ šatefmei |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ šatesmei |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ šatenmei |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ šatetenmei |
ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ šatoumei |
ϣⲁⲧⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ šate - mei |
| expectative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲙⲉⲓ mpatimei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲓ mpatekmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ mpatemei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ mpatefmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲙⲉⲓ mpatesmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ mpatenmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲓ mpatetenmei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ mpatoumei |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ - ⲙⲉⲓ mpate - mei | |
References
- Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 78
- Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 156
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