ἦλθον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

This aorist's stem is a syncope ἐλθ- of weak stem ἐλυθ- of unused verb *ἐλεύθω as in Epic ἐλῠθεῖν (elutheîn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ludʰét (“to arrive”).[1] Discussion of stems at ἔρχομαι Notes.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɛ̂ːl.tʰon/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈel.tʰon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈil.θon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈil.θon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈil.θon/

Verb

ἦλθον • (êlthon)

first-person singular/third-person plural aorist indicative active of ἔρχομαι (érkhomai):
I came, went

Usage notes

Discussion of stems at ἔρχομαι Notes, also from εἶμι (eîmi) which supplies non-indicative present and future and imperfect indicative forms.

Inflected forms are listed at ἔρχομαι (érkhomai).

References

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἐλθεῖν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 410

ἔρχομαι in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἦλθον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326

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