ფქვილი
Georgian
Etymology
From Old Georgian ფქვილი (pkvili), from Proto-Georgian-Zan *pkw-il-, from the Proto-Kartvelian root *pek-, *pk-. Equivalent of past participle of ფქვა (pkva), hence the -il- suffix; ultimately from the same source as Svan ფექ (pek). Cognate with Mingrelian ქვირი (kviri) and Laz ქუერი (kueri).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pʰkʰvili/
- Hyphenation: ფქვი‧ლი
Inflection
Declension of ფქვილი (see Georgian declension)
singular | plural | archaic plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ფქვილი (pkvili) | ||
ergative | ფქვილმა (pkvilma) | ||
dative | ფქვილს(ა) (pkvils(a)) | ||
genitive | ფქვილის(ა) (pkvilis(a)) | ||
instrumental | ფქვილით(ა) (pkvilit(a)) | ||
adverbial | ფქვილად(ა) (pkvilad(a)) | ||
vocative | ფქვილო (pkvilo) | ||
Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. |
Postpositional inflection of ფქვილი (see Georgian postpositions)
postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
-ზე (on - ) | ფქვილზე (pkvilze) | |
-თან (near - ) | ფქვილთან (pkviltan) | |
-ში (in - ) | ფქვილში (pkvilši) | |
-ვით (like a - ) | ფქვილივით (pkvilivit) | |
postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
-თვის (for - ) | ფქვილისთვის (pkvilistvis) | |
-ებრ (like a - ) | ფქვილისებრ (pkvilisebr) | |
-კენ (towards - ) | ფქვილისკენ (pkvilisḳen) | |
-გან (from/of - ) | ფქვილისგან (pkvilisgan) | |
postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
-დან (from / since - ) | ფქვილიდან (pkvilidan) | |
-ურთ (together with - ) | ფქვილითურთ (pkviliturt) | |
postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
-მდე (up to - ) | ფქვილამდე (pkvilamde) |
Derived terms
- მჭადის ფქვილი (mč̣adis pkvili)
- პურის ფქვილი (ṗuris pkvili)
Old Georgian
Etymology
From Proto-Georgian-Zan *pkw-il-, from suffixing the Proto-Kartvelian *pek-, *pk- (“to grind”), whence also Svan ფექ (pek).
Descendants
- Georgian: ფქვილი (pkvili)
References
- Klimov, Georgij A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 208
- abulaʒe, ilia (1973), “ფქვილი”, in ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 449
- Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 434
- penrixi (Fähnrich), hainc; sarǯvelaʒe, zurab (2000) kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Tbilisi Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani State University Press, page 465
- Starostin, S. A. (2005), “*pek- / pk-”, in Kartvelian etymological database compiled on the basis of G. Klimov's and Fähnrich-Sarjveladze's etymological dictionaries of Kartvelian languages
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