मुष्क

See also: मूषक and मूषिक

Sanskrit

Etymology

मूष् (mūṣ, “mouse”) +‎ क (ka, diminutive suffix), the shape of human testicles being compared to mice, from Proto-Indo-European *muh₂s (“mouse”).[1]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /muʂ.kɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmuʂ.kɐ/

Noun

मुष्क • (muṣká) m

testicle, scrotum
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मुष्क (muṣká)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मुष्कः muṣkáḥ	मुष्कौ muṣkaú	मुष्काः / मुष्कासः¹ muṣkā́ḥ / muṣkā́saḥ¹
Vocative	मुष्क múṣka	मुष्कौ múṣkau	मुष्काः / मुष्कासः¹ múṣkāḥ / múṣkāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मुष्कम् muṣkám	मुष्कौ muṣkaú	मुष्कान् muṣkā́n
Instrumental	मुष्केण muṣkéṇa	मुष्काभ्याम् muṣkā́bhyām	मुष्कैः / मुष्केभिः¹ muṣkaíḥ / muṣkébhiḥ¹
Dative	मुष्काय muṣkā́ya	मुष्काभ्याम् muṣkā́bhyām	मुष्केभ्यः muṣkébhyaḥ
Ablative	मुष्कात् muṣkā́t	मुष्काभ्याम् muṣkā́bhyām	मुष्केभ्यः muṣkébhyaḥ
Genitive	मुष्कस्य muṣkásya	मुष्कयोः muṣkáyoḥ	मुष्काणाम् muṣkā́ṇām
Locative	मुष्के muṣké	मुष्कयोः muṣkáyoḥ	मुष्केषु muṣkéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Dardic: *muṣká
- Kalasha: muṣk, muṣ
→ Middle Persian: mwšk' (mušk)
- Persian: مشک‎ (mošk)
  - → Arabic: مسك‎ (misk), مَسْكَة‎ (maska)
    - Andalusian Arabic:
      - → Catalan: almesc
      - → Spanish: almizcle
        → Tagalog: almiskle
      - → Portuguese: almíscar
    - → Kurdish: misk
    - → Turkish: misk
  - → Georgian: მუშკი (mušḳi)
  - → Urdu: مشک‎ (mushk)
- → Ancient Greek: μόσχος (móskhos)
  - Greek: μόσχος (móschos)
    - → Romanian: mosc
  - → German: Moschus
  - → Late Latin: muscus
    - Italian: muschio
    - Old French: mugue
    - → Bulgarian: мускус (muskus)
    - → Danish: muskus
    - → Estonian: muskus
    - → Finnish: myski
    - → Irish: musc
    - → Norwegian: moskus
    - → Old French: musc
      - French: musc
      - → English: musk
    - → Russian: мускус (muskus)
    - → Swedish: mysk
    - ⇒ Late Latin: muscata f (“musky”)
      - Old French: muscade, mugede, muguete
        ⇒ French: muguet
        → Turkish: müge
        
        ⇒ Norman: mudget
      - Old Occitan: muscada
        Occitan: muscat
        → French: muscat
        → English: muscat
        → Georgian: მუსკატი (musḳaṭi)
        
        → French: muscade
        
        → Norman: muscade
        
        ⇒ Old Occitan: muscadal
        → Old French: muscadel
        → English: muscatel, muscadel, muscadelle
      - → Crimean Tatar: miskat
      - → Czech: muškát
      - → Danish: muskat
      - → Dutch: muskaat
      - → German: Muskat
        → Faroese: muskatt
      - → Icelandic: múskat
      - → Luxembourgish: Meskot
      - → Norwegian: muskat
      - → Swedish: muskot
        → Finnish: muskotti
      - ⇒ Medieval Latin: nux muscata, nux muga (“musky nut; nutmeg”)
        → Middle English: notemege, notemuge (partial translation)
        English: nutmeg
        → Irish: noitmig
        → Japanese: ナツメグ (natsumegu)
        → Maori: natimeke
→ Old Armenian: մուշկ (mušk) (via an Iranian language)
- Armenian: մուշկ (mušk)
→ Telugu: ముష్కము (muṣkamu)

References

Webster's New World College Dictionary, Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio.

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[1] Webster's New World College Dictionary, Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio.