هوشیار

Persian

Alternative forms

هشیار‎ (hošyâr)

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱𐭣𐭠𐭫‎ (ōšyār, “conscious”), a pre-Middle Persian compound equivalent to Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱‎ (ōš, “consciousness, intellect”) + 𐭣𐭠𐭫 (dār, “having”), with a phonetic shift *ušiy-dar > *ušiy-yar > *ušiyar > ōšyār.

The first component is from Old Persian [script needed] (ušiy, “consciousness, intelligence”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws (compare Kurdish hiş), while the second component is from Middle Persian, from Old Persian, from Proto-Iranian *dar-,[1] from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰar- (to hold, carry; to bear, support), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /hoːʃjɑːɾ/
(Dari): IPA^(key): /hoːʃjɒːɾ/
(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /huːʃjɒːɾ/
- (Tehrani): IPA^(key): /huːʃjɒːɾ/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /hɵːʃjɔːr/

Noun

Dari Persian	هوشیار
Iranian Persian	هوشیار
Tajiki Persian

هوشیار • (hôšyâr)

Related terms

باهوش‎ (bâ-hôš)
بی‌هوش‎ (bê-hôš)
هشیاری‎ (hošyâri)
بهوش‎ (behôš)
مدهوش‎ (madhôš)
هوشمند‎ (hôšmand)

Proper noun

هوشیار • (transliteration needed)

Hushyar, a male given name.

References

Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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[1] Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN