فرنگ
Persian
Alternative forms
- افرنگ (afrang)
- فرنک (farank)
Etymology
From Old French franc.
First attested in Safarnama of Nasir Khusrow (written in 1045–1052).
Pronunciation
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): [fæˈɾæŋɡ]
Noun
فرنگ • (farang)
- (archaic) Frank, French
- (archaic) crusader
- 1184–1291, Saadi, Golestan
- از صحبت یاران دمشقم ملالتی پدید آمده بود، سر در بیابان قدس نهادم و با حیوانات انس گرفتم تا وقتی که اسیر قید فرنگ شدم و در خندق طرابلس با جهودانم به کارگل داشتند.
- az suhbat-i yārān-i Damišqam malālati padīd āmada būd, sar dar biyābān-i Quds nahādam u bā haywānāt uns giriftam tā waqtī ki asīr-i qayd-i Farang šudam u dar xandaq-i Tarābulus bā Jahūdānam ba kārgil dāštand.
- I was upset from my Damascene friends and went to the desert of Palestine (...), until I was taken as captive by the Franks/Crusaders and they sent me with Jews as forced labourers to Tripoli, [Lebanon].
- 1184–1291, Saadi, Golestan
- (archaic) European
- (archaic) Christian
- 1141–1209, Nezami
- فرنگ فلسطین و رهبان روم
پذیرای فرمان مهرش چو موم- Farang-i Filistīn u rahbān-i Rōm
paḏīrā-yi farmān-i mihraš ču mōm - (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Farang-i Filistīn u rahbān-i Rōm
- 1141–1209, Nezami
Synonyms
Descendants
- Arabic: أفرنج (ʾafranj), إفرنج (ʾifranj)
- Ottoman Turkish: افرنج (efrenc)
- Hindustani:
- Urdu: فرنگ (farang)
- Pashto: فرنګ (farang)
Proper noun
فرنگ • (farang)
- (archaic) Francia
- 1045–1052, Nasir Khusraw, Safarnama
- باجگاهی است آن جا که کشتی های که از اطراف روم و فرنگ و اندلس و مغرب بیاید عشر به سلطان دهند
- bājgāhē ast ānjā ki kaštī-hā'ē ki az atrāf-i Rōm u Farang u Andalus u Mağrib biyāyand ušr ba sultān dahand.
- ... there is a place to collect tribute over there through which the ships that come from Rum [Anatolia], Francia, Al-Andalus, and Maghreb pay ushr [one-tenth of the earned profit] to the sultan ...
- 1045–1052, Nasir Khusraw, Safarnama
- (dated) France
- (dated) Western world, especially Europe
Synonyms
- (France): فرانسه (farânse)
References
- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “فرنگ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
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