عرق

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q). Cognate to Ge'ez ዐረቀ (ʿäräḳä, “to be naked, to be orphaned, to be childless, to be bereft”).

عَرَقَ • (ʿaraqa) I, non-past يَعْرُقُ‎‎ (yaʿruqu)

1. to strip of flesh, to nibble

عُرِقَ • (ʿuriqa) I, non-past يُعْرَقُ‎‎ (yuʿraqu)

1. to be emaciated

عَرِقَ • (ʿariqa) I, non-past يَعْرَقُ‎‎ (yaʿraqu)

1. to sweat, to perspire

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q). Cognate to Ge'ez ዐረቀ (ʿärräḳä, “to strip naked”)

عَرَّقَ • (ʿarraqa) II, non-past يُعَرِّقُ‎‎ (yuʿarriqu)

1. to make sweat, to promote perspiration
2. to water down, to dilute (a drink)
3. to grow roots; to take root
4. to be deeply rooted
5. to vein, to marble

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q).

عَرَق • (ʿaraq) m

1. verbal noun of عَرِقَ (ʿariqa) (form I)
2. sweat, perspiration
3. arrack (a clear raisin liquor that turns cloudy when water is added)

• → Azerbaijani: araq
• → Bashkir: араҡы (araqï)
• → Bikol Central: arak
• → Burmese: အရက် (a.rak)
• → Daur: argw
• → English: arak, araq, arrack, rack
• → Evenki: аракӣ (arakī)
• → German: Arak
• → Georgian: არაყი (araq̇i)
• → Hebrew: ערק‎
• → Ilocano: arak
• → Italian: arrak
• → Kalmyk: әрк (ärk)
• → Kazakh: арақ (araq)
• → Kumyk: гьаракъы
• → Limos Kalinga: alak
• → Malay: arak
  • Indonesian: arak
• → Mongolian: архи (arhi)
• → Nanai: араки
• → Nivkh: арак (arak)
• → Ossetian: арахъ (araq)
• → Ottoman Turkish: عرق‎ (rāqī)
  • Turkish: rakı
    • → English: raki
    • → Finnish: raki
    • → German: Raki
    • → Greek: ρακή (rakí), ρακί (rakí)
    • → Ladino:

      Hebrew: ראקי‎

      Latin: raki

    • → Romanian: rachiu
    • → Russian: ракы (raky)
  • → Albanian: raki, rakee
  • → Bulgarian: ракия (rakija)
  • → Macedonian: ракија (rakija)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: ракија

    Latin: rakija

• → Persian: عرق‎ ('araq)
  • → Middle Armenian: արաղ (arał)
    • Armenian: արաղ (arał)
• → Portuguese: áraque
• → Russian: арак (arak)
• → Tagalog: alak
• → Tajik: арақ (araq)
• → Tatar: аракы (araqı)
• → Tibetan: ཨ་རག (a rag)
• → Turkmen: arak
• → Southern Altai: аракы (arakï)
• → Uzbek: aroq
• → Yakut: арыгы (arıgı)

From the root ع ر ق‎ (ʿ-r-q) in the sense of plants “perspiring” roots or roots being naked or stripped from earth when looked upon; or metathesis from the root ع ق ر‎ (ʿ-q-r) related to عَقَار‎ (ʿaqār, “real estate, ground, land”), compare against its Aramaic cognate עִיקָּרָא‎ /‎ ܥܶܩܳܪܳܐ‎ (ʿiqqārā, ʿeqqārā, “root”) and Old South Arabian 𐩲𐩧𐩤‎ (“collarbone; lowlying land, plain, depression”).

عِرْق • (ʿirq) m (plural عُرُوق‎ (ʿurūq) or أَعْراق‎ (ʾaʿrāq))

1. plant stem, leaf stem
2. vein
   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام‎ [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة‎ [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 33, Art. 9, page 673:

     ‏فإذا أَرَدتَ فتح عرق أو وداج فخذ المبضع بين إصبعك الإبهام والسبّابة كأخذك القلم للكتابة به وليكن نصابه في راحتك وتخرج من رأسه خارج طرفي إصبعك المذكورين قدر طول ظفر إبهامك وأقلّ من ذلك إلى قدر نصف ظفر إبهامك ثم أفتح العرق إلى فوق شقّا بليغا برفق وخفّة. وأمّا التوديج يالقضيب وهو معلوم فتركب فيه المبضع وتخرج من طرفه خارج من القضيب قدر طول ظفر إبهامك، ولا تعجل بالضرب بالمبضع حتّى تقف على العرق بعينه وخاصة الوداجين، ولا تودّج حتّى تستوثق من الدابّة بالشكل والزيار ليألُ يضطرب وتختنق الدابّة بالخناق خنقا شديدا ليدرّ العرق. فإنّ ذلك موضوع خبيث وإن جاوزت يدك ربّما أصاب المبضع عرق الماء وهو المريء الدابّة فقتله.‎‎

     If you want to open a vein or jugular, take the scalpel between your thumb and index finger, take it like you take the quill for writing with it, so that its grip is in your palm, and you turn away from its head outwith the two tips of your said fingers by a length of the nail of your thumb and less than that by a half of the nail of your thumb, then you open the vein upwards making a sufficient cut with gentleness and levity. And what concerns the cutting the jugular with the known rod, you mount the scalpel in it and you move away from the rod’s tip by the length of the nail of your thumb, but don’t hasten with hitting with the scalpel until you have discerned the vein by its eye, particularly the two jugulars, and don’t do a jugular cut until you have provided for the security of the beast by hopples and a twitch, so you do not agitate or suffocate the beast at its throat by excessive choking, so the vein flows with abundance. This part being particularly perilous, if your hand go to far then the scalpel could hit the water vein [or windpipe], that is the oesophaghus of the beast, and it would kill it.

3. hereditary disposition
4. race, stock, descent

• الْعِرَاق‎ (al-ʿirāq)

• Freytag, Georg (1835), “عرق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 142
• Schwally, Friedrich (1898), “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 52, pages 140–142

عرق (definite accusative عرقی‎, plural عرقلار‎)

1. Arabic spelling of araq (“vodka”)

Ultimately from Arabic عَرَق‎ (ʿaraq).

عرق • ('araq)

1. sweat, perspiration
2. arak, araq (aniseed-flavoured distilled alcoholic drink)
3. spirit (alcohol)

• عرق کردن‎ ('araq kardan)

• → Middle Armenian: արաղ (arał)
  • Armenian: արաղ (arał)