ضمير

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ض م ر‎ (ḍ-m-r).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dˁa.miːr/

Noun

ضَمِير • (ḍamīr) m (plural ضَمَائِر‎ (ḍamāʾir))

inner, innermost, heart, secrets of the mind, conscience
(grammar) pronoun[1]

Declension

Declension of noun ضَمِير (ḍamīr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ضَمِير ḍamīr	الضَّمِير‎ aḍ-ḍamīr	ضَمِير ḍamīr
Nominative	ضَمِيرٌ ḍamīrun	الضَّمِيرُ‎ aḍ-ḍamīru	ضَمِيرُ ḍamīru
Accusative	ضَمِيرًا‎ ḍamīran	الضَّمِيرَ‎ aḍ-ḍamīra	ضَمِيرَ ḍamīra
Genitive	ضَمِيرٍ ḍamīrin	الضَّمِيرِ‎ aḍ-ḍamīri	ضَمِيرِ ḍamīri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ضَمِيرَيْن‎ ḍamīrayn	الضَّمِيرَيْن‎ aḍ-ḍamīrayn	ضَمِيرَيْ‎ ḍamīray
Nominative	ضَمِيرَانِ‎ ḍamīrāni	الضَّمِيرَانِ‎ aḍ-ḍamīrāni	ضَمِيرَا‎ ḍamīrā
Accusative	ضَمِيرَيْنِ‎ ḍamīrayni	الضَّمِيرَيْنِ‎ aḍ-ḍamīrayni	ضَمِيرَيْ‎ ḍamīray
Genitive	ضَمِيرَيْنِ‎ ḍamīrayni	الضَّمِيرَيْنِ‎ aḍ-ḍamīrayni	ضَمِيرَيْ‎ ḍamīray
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ضَمَائِر‎ ḍamāʾir	الضَّمَائِر‎ aḍ-ḍamāʾir	ضَمَائِر‎ ḍamāʾir
Nominative	ضَمَائِرُ‎ ḍamāʾiru	الضَّمَائِرُ‎ aḍ-ḍamāʾiru	ضَمَائِرُ‎ ḍamāʾiru
Accusative	ضَمَائِرَ‎ ḍamāʾira	الضَّمَائِرَ‎ aḍ-ḍamāʾira	ضَمَائِرَ‎ ḍamāʾira
Genitive	ضَمَائِرَ‎ ḍamāʾira	الضَّمَائِرِ‎ aḍ-ḍamāʾiri	ضَمَائِرِ‎ ḍamāʾiri

Descendants

→ Persian: ضمیر‎
→ Turkish: zamir

References

Carter, Michael George (2017), “The Seven Deadly Sins of Arabic Studies”, in Manuel Sartori, Manuela E. B. Giolfo, Philippe Cassuto, editors, Approaches to the History and Dialectology of Arabic in Honor of Pierre Larcher (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 88), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 520 verbatim:
The ḍamīr is not a form class, but it is only a Minor (and indeed unavoidable) sin to equate it with our “pronoun.” However ḍamīr is only valid for our personal pronouns (including ḍamīr al-faṣl and ḍamīr al-šaʾn), and does not refer in Arabic to any of the other categories we call pronouns, such as demonstratives, interrogatives, and relatives, which are all explicitly nouns, e.g. ism al-ʾišāra, not ḍamīr al-ʾišāra.

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[1] Carter, Michael George (2017), “The Seven Deadly Sins of Arabic Studies”, in Manuel Sartori, Manuela E. B. Giolfo, Philippe Cassuto, editors, Approaches to the History and Dialectology of Arabic in Honor of Pierre Larcher (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 88), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 520 verbatim:
The ḍamīr is not a form class, but it is only a Minor (and indeed unavoidable) sin to equate it with our “pronoun.” However ḍamīr is only valid for our personal pronouns (including ḍamīr al-faṣl and ḍamīr al-šaʾn), and does not refer in Arabic to any of the other categories we call pronouns, such as demonstratives, interrogatives, and relatives, which are all explicitly nouns, e.g. ism al-ʾišāra, not ḍamīr al-ʾišāra.