شيطان

See also: شیطان‎

Arabic

Etymology

Often interpreted as coming from the root ش ي ط‎ (š-y-ṭ) meaning “to burn, scorch” and the ـَان‎ (-ān) suffix forming adjectives. Given the historical precedence of Hebrew texts wherein the word is of relevance, it is likely that the Arabic word is a reinterpretation of Hebrew שָׂטָן‎ (śāṭān), from a root relating to opposition or accusation.

Cognate with Classical Syriac ܣܛܢܐ‎ (sāṭānā), Hebrew שָׂטָן‎ (śāṭān), Ge'ez ሠይጣን (śäyṭan), ሰይጣን (säyṭan).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʃaj.tˁaːn/

Noun

شَيْطَان • (šayṭān) m (plural شَيَاطِين‎ (šayāṭīn))

(religion) Satan, devil, shaitan
demon, fiend

Declension

Declension of noun شَيْطَان (šayṭān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَيْطَان šayṭān	الشَّيْطَان‎ aš-šayṭān	شَيْطَان šayṭān
Nominative	شَيْطَانٌ šayṭānun	الشَّيْطَانُ‎ aš-šayṭānu	شَيْطَانُ šayṭānu
Accusative	شَيْطَانًا‎ šayṭānan	الشَّيْطَانَ‎ aš-šayṭāna	شَيْطَانَ šayṭāna
Genitive	شَيْطَانٍ šayṭānin	الشَّيْطَانِ‎ aš-šayṭāni	شَيْطَانِ šayṭāni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَيْطَانَيْن‎ šayṭānayn	الشَّيْطَانَيْن‎ aš-šayṭānayn	شَيْطَانَيْ‎ šayṭānay
Nominative	شَيْطَانَانِ‎ šayṭānāni	الشَّيْطَانَانِ‎ aš-šayṭānāni	شَيْطَانَا‎ šayṭānā
Accusative	شَيْطَانَيْنِ‎ šayṭānayni	الشَّيْطَانَيْنِ‎ aš-šayṭānayni	شَيْطَانَيْ‎ šayṭānay
Genitive	شَيْطَانَيْنِ‎ šayṭānayni	الشَّيْطَانَيْنِ‎ aš-šayṭānayni	شَيْطَانَيْ‎ šayṭānay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَيَاطِين‎ šayāṭīn	الشَّيَاطِين‎ aš-šayāṭīn	شَيَاطِين‎ šayāṭīn
Nominative	شَيَاطِينُ‎ šayāṭīnu	الشَّيَاطِينُ‎ aš-šayāṭīnu	شَيَاطِينُ‎ šayāṭīnu
Accusative	شَيَاطِينَ‎ šayāṭīna	الشَّيَاطِينَ‎ aš-šayāṭīna	شَيَاطِينَ‎ šayāṭīna
Genitive	شَيَاطِينَ‎ šayāṭīna	الشَّيَاطِينِ‎ aš-šayāṭīni	شَيَاطِينِ‎ šayāṭīni

Descendants

English: shaitan
Bashkir: шайтан (šaytan)
Indonesian: setan
→ Kurdish: şeytan
Malay: syaitan, setan
Maltese: xitan
Ottoman Turkish: شيطان‎ (şeytān)
- Turkish: şeytan
Persian: شیطان‎ (šaytân)
Tajik: шайтон (šayton)

References

Haywood, J.A.; Nahmad, H.M. (1965), “شيطان”, in A new Arabic grammar, 2^nd edition, London: Lund Humphries, →ISBN

Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 522–523
Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 47
Praetorius, Franz (1907), “Äthiopische Etymologien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 61, pages 619–620
Wehr, Hans (1979), “شيطن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.