زوج

See also: روح‎, روج‎, and روچ‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic זוגא‎ (zawgā, “yoke, pair”), from Ancient Greek ζεῦγος (zeûgos, “yoke”) which was used in Greek for the yoke of marriage – now it forms a root ز و ج‎ (z-w-j).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /zawd͡ʒ/
Audio (file)

Noun

زَوْج • (zawj) m or f (plural أَزْوَاج‎ (ʾazwāj), feminine زَوْجَة‎ (zawja) or زَوْج (zawj))

couple, pair
one of a pair
husband, wife, mate, partner
(now rare) kind, type
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 56:4-10:
  
  ‏إِذَا رُجَّتِ الْأَرْضُ رَجًّا وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا فَكَانَتْ هَبَاءً مُّنْبَثًّا وَكُنتُمْ أَزْوَاجًا ثَلَاثَةً فَأَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ وَأَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ وَالسَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ‎
  When the earth is shaken with convulsion / And the mountains are crushed, crumbling / And become dust dispersing / And ye become of three kinds: Then the companions of the right – what are the companions of the right? And the companions of the left – what are the companions of the left? And the forerunners, the forerunners!

Declension

Declension of noun زَوْج (zawj)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَوْج zawj	الزَّوْج‎ az-zawj	زَوْج zawj
Nominative	زَوْجٌ zawjun	الزَّوْجُ‎ az-zawju	زَوْجُ zawju
Accusative	زَوْجًا‎ zawjan	الزَّوْجَ‎ az-zawja	زَوْجَ zawja
Genitive	زَوْجٍ zawjin	الزَّوْجِ‎ az-zawji	زَوْجِ zawji
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	زَوْجَيْن‎ zawjayn	الزَّوْجَيْن‎ az-zawjayn	زَوْجَيْ‎ zawjay
Nominative	زَوْجَانِ‎ zawjāni	الزَّوْجَانِ‎ az-zawjāni	زَوْجَا‎ zawjā
Accusative	زَوْجَيْنِ‎ zawjayni	الزَّوْجَيْنِ‎ az-zawjayni	زَوْجَيْ‎ zawjay
Genitive	زَوْجَيْنِ‎ zawjayni	الزَّوْجَيْنِ‎ az-zawjayni	زَوْجَيْ‎ zawjay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَزْوَاج‎ ʾazwāj	الْأَزْوَاج‎ al-ʾazwāj	أَزْوَاج‎ ʾazwāj
Nominative	أَزْوَاجٌ‎ ʾazwājun	الْأَزْوَاجُ‎ al-ʾazwāju	أَزْوَاجُ‎ ʾazwāju
Accusative	أَزْوَاجًا‎ ʾazwājan	الْأَزْوَاجَ‎ al-ʾazwāja	أَزْوَاجَ‎ ʾazwāja
Genitive	أَزْوَاجٍ‎ ʾazwājin	الْأَزْوَاجِ‎ al-ʾazwāji	أَزْوَاجِ‎ ʾazwāji

Synonyms

اِثْنَان‎ (iṯnān)
(husband): بَعْل‎ (baʿl)
(wife): اِمْرَأَة‎ (imraʾa)

Etymology 2

Denominal verb derived from زَوْج‎ (zawj, “pair”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /zaw.wa.d͡ʒa/

Verb

زَوَّجَ • (zawwaja) II, non-past يُزَوِّجُ‎‎ (yuzawwiju)

to pair, to couple, to join in pairs
to double, to geminate
to marry off, to give in marriage

Conjugation

Conjugation of

زَوَّجَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَزْوِيج‎ tazwīj
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُزَوِّج‎ muzawwij
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُزَوَّج‎ muzawwaj
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زَوَّجْتُ‎ zawwajtu	زَوَّجْتَ‎ zawwajta	زَوَّجَ zawwaja	زَوَّجْتُمَا‎ zawwajtumā	زَوَّجَا‎ zawwajā	زَوَّجْنَا‎ zawwajnā	زَوَّجْتُمْ‎ zawwajtum	زَوَّجُوا‎ zawwajū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زَوَّجْتُ‎ zawwajtu	زَوَّجْتِ‎ zawwajti	زَوَّجَتْ‎ zawwajat	زَوَّجْتُمَا‎ zawwajtumā	زَوَّجَتَا‎ zawwajatā	زَوَّجْنَا‎ zawwajnā	زَوَّجْتُنَّ‎ zawwajtunna	زَوَّجْنَ‎ zawwajna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُزَوِّجُ‎ ʾuzawwiju	تُزَوِّجُ‎ tuzawwiju	يُزَوِّجُ‎ yuzawwiju	تُزَوِّجَانِ‎ tuzawwijāni	يُزَوِّجَانِ‎ yuzawwijāni	نُزَوِّجُ‎ nuzawwiju	تُزَوِّجُونَ‎ tuzawwijūna	يُزَوِّجُونَ‎ yuzawwijūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	أُزَوِّجُ‎ ʾuzawwiju	تُزَوِّجِينَ‎ tuzawwijīna	تُزَوِّجُ‎ tuzawwiju	تُزَوِّجَانِ‎ tuzawwijāni	تُزَوِّجَانِ‎ tuzawwijāni	نُزَوِّجُ‎ nuzawwiju	تُزَوِّجْنَ‎ tuzawwijna	يُزَوِّجْنَ‎ yuzawwijna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَوِّجَ‎ ʾuzawwija	تُزَوِّجَ‎ tuzawwija	يُزَوِّجَ‎ yuzawwija	تُزَوِّجَا‎ tuzawwijā	يُزَوِّجَا‎ yuzawwijā	نُزَوِّجَ‎ nuzawwija	تُزَوِّجُوا‎ tuzawwijū	يُزَوِّجُوا‎ yuzawwijū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُزَوِّجَ‎ ʾuzawwija	تُزَوِّجِي‎ tuzawwijī	تُزَوِّجَ‎ tuzawwija	تُزَوِّجَا‎ tuzawwijā	تُزَوِّجَا‎ tuzawwijā	نُزَوِّجَ‎ nuzawwija	تُزَوِّجْنَ‎ tuzawwijna	يُزَوِّجْنَ‎ yuzawwijna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَوِّجْ‎ ʾuzawwij	تُزَوِّجْ‎ tuzawwij	يُزَوِّجْ‎ yuzawwij	تُزَوِّجَا‎ tuzawwijā	يُزَوِّجَا‎ yuzawwijā	نُزَوِّجْ‎ nuzawwij	تُزَوِّجُوا‎ tuzawwijū	يُزَوِّجُوا‎ yuzawwijū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُزَوِّجْ‎ ʾuzawwij	تُزَوِّجِي‎ tuzawwijī	تُزَوِّجْ‎ tuzawwij	تُزَوِّجَا‎ tuzawwijā	تُزَوِّجَا‎ tuzawwijā	نُزَوِّجْ‎ nuzawwij	تُزَوِّجْنَ‎ tuzawwijna	يُزَوِّجْنَ‎ yuzawwijna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زَوِّجْ zawwij		زَوِّجَا‎ zawwijā			زَوِّجُوا‎ zawwijū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		زَوِّجِي‎ zawwijī		زَوِّجَا‎ zawwijā			زَوِّجْنَ‎ zawwijna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زُوِّجْتُ‎ zuwwijtu	زُوِّجْتَ‎ zuwwijta	زُوِّجَ zuwwija	زُوِّجْتُمَا‎ zuwwijtumā	زُوِّجَا‎ zuwwijā	زُوِّجْنَا‎ zuwwijnā	زُوِّجْتُمْ‎ zuwwijtum	زُوِّجُوا‎ zuwwijū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زُوِّجْتُ‎ zuwwijtu	زُوِّجْتِ‎ zuwwijti	زُوِّجَتْ‎ zuwwijat	زُوِّجْتُمَا‎ zuwwijtumā	زُوِّجَتَا‎ zuwwijatā	زُوِّجْنَا‎ zuwwijnā	زُوِّجْتُنَّ‎ zuwwijtunna	زُوِّجْنَ‎ zuwwijna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُزَوَّجُ‎ ʾuzawwaju	تُزَوَّجُ‎ tuzawwaju	يُزَوَّجُ‎ yuzawwaju	تُزَوَّجَانِ‎ tuzawwajāni	يُزَوَّجَانِ‎ yuzawwajāni	نُزَوَّجُ‎ nuzawwaju	تُزَوَّجُونَ‎ tuzawwajūna	يُزَوَّجُونَ‎ yuzawwajūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	أُزَوَّجُ‎ ʾuzawwaju	تُزَوَّجِينَ‎ tuzawwajīna	تُزَوَّجُ‎ tuzawwaju	تُزَوَّجَانِ‎ tuzawwajāni	تُزَوَّجَانِ‎ tuzawwajāni	نُزَوَّجُ‎ nuzawwaju	تُزَوَّجْنَ‎ tuzawwajna	يُزَوَّجْنَ‎ yuzawwajna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَوَّجَ‎ ʾuzawwaja	تُزَوَّجَ‎ tuzawwaja	يُزَوَّجَ‎ yuzawwaja	تُزَوَّجَا‎ tuzawwajā	يُزَوَّجَا‎ yuzawwajā	نُزَوَّجَ‎ nuzawwaja	تُزَوَّجُوا‎ tuzawwajū	يُزَوَّجُوا‎ yuzawwajū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُزَوَّجَ‎ ʾuzawwaja	تُزَوَّجِي‎ tuzawwajī	تُزَوَّجَ‎ tuzawwaja	تُزَوَّجَا‎ tuzawwajā	تُزَوَّجَا‎ tuzawwajā	نُزَوَّجَ‎ nuzawwaja	تُزَوَّجْنَ‎ tuzawwajna	يُزَوَّجْنَ‎ yuzawwajna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَوَّجْ‎ ʾuzawwaj	تُزَوَّجْ‎ tuzawwaj	يُزَوَّجْ‎ yuzawwaj	تُزَوَّجَا‎ tuzawwajā	يُزَوَّجَا‎ yuzawwajā	نُزَوَّجْ‎ nuzawwaj	تُزَوَّجُوا‎ tuzawwajū	يُزَوَّجُوا‎ yuzawwajū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُزَوَّجْ‎ ʾuzawwaj	تُزَوَّجِي‎ tuzawwajī	تُزَوَّجْ‎ tuzawwaj	تُزَوَّجَا‎ tuzawwajā	تُزَوَّجَا‎ tuzawwajā	نُزَوَّجْ‎ nuzawwaj	تُزَوَّجْنَ‎ tuzawwajna	يُزَوَّجْنَ‎ yuzawwajna

References

Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 106
Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 303
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 154–155
Wehr, Hans (1979), “زوج”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

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