جيش

See also: چیش‎, خیس‎, چىش‎, and جیش‎

Arabic

Etymology

From ج ي ش‎ (j-y-š), meaning to heave or rise up suddenly, hence inciting troops to action, raise military forces, to muster or rally. Related to the verb جَاشَ‎ (jāša, “to be excited, to be agitated, to storm, to rage”).[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d͡ʒajʃ/
Audio (file)
- (Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡeːʃ/
- (Hijazi) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒeːʃ/

Noun

جَيْش • (jayš) m (plural جُيُوش‎ (juyūš))

an army, a military force

Declension

Declension of noun جَيْش (jayš)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَيْش jayš	الْجَيْش‎ al-jayš	جَيْش jayš
Nominative	جَيْشٌ jayšun	الْجَيْشُ‎ al-jayšu	جَيْشُ jayšu
Accusative	جَيْشًا‎ jayšan	الْجَيْشَ‎ al-jayša	جَيْشَ jayša
Genitive	جَيْشٍ jayšin	الْجَيْشِ‎ al-jayši	جَيْشِ jayši
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَيْشَيْن‎ jayšayn	الْجَيْشَيْن‎ al-jayšayn	جَيْشَيْ‎ jayšay
Nominative	جَيْشَانِ‎ jayšāni	الْجَيْشَانِ‎ al-jayšāni	جَيْشَا‎ jayšā
Accusative	جَيْشَيْنِ‎ jayšayni	الْجَيْشَيْنِ‎ al-jayšayni	جَيْشَيْ‎ jayšay
Genitive	جَيْشَيْنِ‎ jayšayni	الْجَيْشَيْنِ‎ al-jayšayni	جَيْشَيْ‎ jayšay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جُيُوش‎ juyūš	الْجُيُوش‎ al-juyūš	جُيُوش‎ juyūš
Nominative	جُيُوشٌ‎ juyūšun	الْجُيُوشُ‎ al-juyūšu	جُيُوشُ‎ juyūšu
Accusative	جُيُوشًا‎ juyūšan	الْجُيُوشَ‎ al-juyūša	جُيُوشَ‎ juyūša
Genitive	جُيُوشٍ‎ juyūšin	الْجُيُوشِ‎ al-juyūši	جُيُوشِ‎ juyūši

References

Wehr, Hans (1979), “جيش”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic جَيْش‎ (jayš).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒeːʃ/

Noun

جيش • (jēš) m

(plural جُيوش‎ ‎(juyūš))

an army, a military force

References

“جيش” in Edward William Lane (1863), Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 493-494, meaning to boil, to be turbid or un-navigable waters, to be excited or agitated, to rage, to heave or rise up suddenly, to muster an army, to rally them, to incite a war or raise up arms.

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[Lane-1] “جيش” in Edward William Lane (1863), Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 493-494, meaning to boil, to be turbid or un-navigable waters, to be excited or agitated, to rage, to heave or rise up suddenly, to muster an army, to rally them, to incite a war or raise up arms.