շահդանակ

Old Armenian

Alternative forms
  • շահնդակ (šahndak), շահտանաճ (šahtanač), շանդանիճ (šandanič), շատանայ (šatanay), սատանէճ (satanēč), աշահդանակ (ašahdanak), շաղդանակ (šałdanak), շաղգանակ (šałganak), շագանակ (šaganak) – manuscript variants

Etymology

Borrowing from Middle Persian šhdʾnk' (/šahdānag/).[1][2]

Noun

շահդանակ • (šahdanak)

  1. hempseed
    • c. 600 CE – c. 670 CE, Anania Širakacʿi, Ašxarhacʿoycʿ [Geography] :
      Ունի զառիկ, եւ ՚ի պտղոց շահդանակ, այսինքն գանգար փշոյ սերմն։
      Uni zaṙik, ew ’i ptłocʿ šahdanak, aysinkʿn gangar pʿšoy sermn.
      It [Korčēkʿ] has arsenic and among the fruits hempseed, i.e. the thistleseed.

Usage notes

Attested only in Ašxarhacʿoycʿ with numerous manuscript variants, among which HHB settled on the form շագանակ (šaganak) glossing it as "chestnut".[3] Thence this etymologically unjustified form and meaning were taken over by other dictionaries[4][5][6][7][8] and finally adopted in the modern literary language as the standard word for "chestnut".[2]

Synonyms
  • կանեփհատ (kanepʿhat)

Descendants

References
  1. Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 209
  2. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “շահդանակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 484
  3. Sebastacʿi, Mxitʿar (1769), “շահդանակ”, in Baṙgirkʿ Haykazean lezui. Baṙgirkʿ i grabaṙē yašxarhabaṙn [Dictionary of the Armenian Language. Dictionary from Old Armenian into Modern Armenian] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 300a
  4. Sarafean, Kłēopatra (1788) Banali gitutʿean [Key of Knowledge] (in Armenian and Russian), Saint Petersburg: Grigor Khaldariants press, page 167
  5. Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837), “շահդանակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 457c
  6. J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837), “շահդանակ”, in Baṙgirkʿ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  7. Awgerean, Mkrtičʿ (1865), “շահդանակ”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), corrected and expanded by Grigor Čēlalean, 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  8. Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “շահդանակ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 540b
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