туман

Russian

Etymology

Attested since the 17th century. Borrowed from a Turkic source. Ultimately, probably from Proto-Turkic *dum (“cold”), or from Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥‎ (dunman, “fog, mist”), 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬄𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥‎ (duuąnman, “cloud”).

Compare Turkish duman, Kazakh тұман (tuman), Tatar томан (toman), Persian دود‎ (dūd): دودمان‎ (dūdmān, “smoke, soot”).

Pronunciation
  • audio(file)
  • IPA(key): [tʊˈman]

Noun

тума́н • (tumán) m inan (genitive тума́на, nominative plural тума́ны, genitive plural тума́нов)

  1. (meteorology) fog
    быть как в тума́не ― bytʹ kak v tumáne ― to be in a fog (state of mind)
    напусти́ть тума́ну ― napustítʹ tumánu ― to equivocate; to beat around the bush

Declension
Declension of тума́н (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 
singular plural
nominative тума́н
tumán		 тума́ны
tumány
genitive тума́на
tumána		 тума́нов
tumánov
dative тума́ну
tumánu		 тума́нам
tumánam
accusative тума́н
tumán		 тума́ны
tumány
instrumental тума́ном
tumánom		 тума́нами
tumánami
prepositional тума́не
tumáne		 тума́нах
tumánax
partitive тума́ну
tumánu

Synonyms

Derived terms

Further reading
  • Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “туман”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
  • Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “туман”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 270
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