должен

должен • (dolžen) (not comparable)

1. obligated

• до́лженъ (dólžen) (Pre-reform orthography (1918))

• IPA^(key): [ˈdolʐɨn]

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до́лжен • (dólžen)

1. obligated

   я до́лжен плати́ть

   ja dólžen platítʹ

   I have to/should pay

   (literally, “I am obligated to pay”)

   он до́лжен мне пять ты́сяч рубле́й

   on dólžen mne pjatʹ týsjač rubléj

   he owes me five thousand rubles

   (literally, “he is obligated to me for five thousand rubles”)

• Grammatically, this term is an adjective that has only short forms, but it is best translated as a verb, either ought to/must/have (has) to if followed by an infinitive, or owe(s) if followed by a direct and indirect object.
• In modern Russian, the full infinitive form долженствова́ть (dolženstvovátʹ, literally “to be required to/to be obliged to”) is seldom used.

• обя́зан (objázan)

• до́лжность (dólžnostʹ), должни́к (dolžník), долг (dolg)
• до́лжный (dólžnyj)
• долженствова́ть (dolženstvovátʹ)

• должно́ быть (dolžnó bytʹ)