τράφηξ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

τράπηξ (trápēx)
τρόφηξ (tróphēx)

Etymology

The formation is like πήληξ (pḗlēx), ὄρπηξ (órpēx) and νάρθηξ (nárthēx). In theory the word can be connected to Latin trabs (“beam”), but this cannot be substantiated. The suffix and the presence of variations show that the word is from Pre-Greek. Furnée also compares τράμπις (trámpis, “foreign ship”), in which case we have a prenasalized variant as well.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /trá.pʰɛːks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtra.pʰeks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈtra.ɸiks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈtra.fiks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈtra.fiks/

Noun

τράφηξ • (tráphēx) m (genitive τράφηκος); third declension

beam in framework of helepolis
baker's board
handle of an oar
gunwale on which the rowlocks are fixed

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ τράφηξ; τοῦ τράφηκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ τράφηξ ho tráphēx	τὼ τράφηκε tṑ tráphēke	οἱ τράφηκες hoi tráphēkes
Genitive	τοῦ τράφηκος toû tráphēkos	τοῖν τραφήκοιν toîn traphḗkoin	τῶν τραφήκων tôn traphḗkōn
Dative	τῷ τράφηκῐ tôi tráphēki	τοῖν τραφήκοιν toîn traphḗkoin	τοῖς τράφηξῐ / τράφηξῐν toîs tráphēxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν τράφηκᾰ tòn tráphēka	τὼ τράφηκε tṑ tráphēke	τοὺς τράφηκᾰς toùs tráphēkas
Vocative	τράφηξ tráphēx	τράφηκε tráphēke	τράφηκες tráphēkes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

τράφηξ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
τράφηξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

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