σύμβουλος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ξῠ́μβουλος (xúmboulos) – Attic

Etymology

From σῠν- (sun-, “with”) +‎ βουλή (boulḗ, “council”) +‎ -ος (-os).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sým.boː.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.bu.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.bu.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsym.bu.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsim.bu.los/

Noun

σῠ́μβουλος • (súmboulos) m (genitive σῠμβούλου); second declension

(Attic, Ionic, Koine)

adviser, counselor
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.24.2:
  τούτοισι τοῖσι ἔπεσι πιστεύσας ὁ Ἱστιαῖος, καὶ ἅμα μέγα ποιεύμενος βασιλέος σύμβουλος γενέσθαι, ἀπίκετο ἐς τὰς Σάρδις
  toútoisi toîsi épesi pisteúsas ho Histiaîos, kaì háma méga poieúmenos basiléos súmboulos genésthai, apíketo es tàs Sárdis
  Histiaeus, believing these words, and at the same time being made proud at becoming the king's advisor, came to Sardis
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.42.4:
  ἥ τε πόλις οὐκ ὠφελεῖται ἐν τῷ τοιῷδε· φόβῳ γὰρ ἀποστερεῖται τῶν ξυμβούλων.
  hḗ te pólis ouk ōpheleîtai en tôi toiôide; phóbōi gàr apostereîtai tôn xumboúlōn.
  The city is not benefited in this situation; it is deprived of counselors by fear.
- New Testament, Epistle to the Romans 11:34:
  τίς γὰρ ἔγνω νοῦν Κυρίου; ἢ τίς σύμβουλος αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο;
  tís gàr égnō noûn Kuríou? ḕ tís súmboulos autoû egéneto?
  For who knew the mind of the Lord? Or who was his counselor?

Declension

Second declension of ὁ σῠ́μβουλος; τοῦ σῠμβούλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σῠ́μβουλος ho súmboulos	τὼ σῠμβούλω tṑ sumboúlō	οἱ σῠ́μβουλοι hoi súmbouloi
Genitive	τοῦ σῠμβούλου toû sumboúlou	τοῖν σῠμβούλοιν toîn sumboúloin	τῶν σῠμβούλων tôn sumboúlōn
Dative	τῷ σῠμβούλῳ tôi sumboúlōi	τοῖν σῠμβούλοιν toîn sumboúloin	τοῖς σῠμβούλοις toîs sumboúlois
Accusative	τὸν σῠ́μβουλον tòn súmboulon	τὼ σῠμβούλω tṑ sumboúlō	τοὺς σῠμβούλους toùs sumboúlous
Vocative	σῠ́μβουλε súmboule	σῠμβούλω sumboúlō	σῠ́μβουλοι súmbouloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

σῠμβουλεύω (sumbouleúō)
σῠμβουλῐ́ᾱ (sumboulíā)
σῠμβούλῐον (sumboúlion)
σῠμβουλή (sumboulḗ)

References

σύμβουλος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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