σφήν

Ancient Greek

Unknown. According to Beekes, related neither to Sanskrit स्फ्य (sphya, “oar; spar”) nor to Proto-Germanic *spēnuz (“chip, shaving”).

σφήν • (sphḗn) m (genitive σφηνός); third declension

Third declension of ὁ σφήν; τοῦ σφηνός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σφήν ho sphḗn	τὼ σφῆνε tṑ sphêne	οἱ σφῆνες hoi sphênes
Genitive	τοῦ σφηνός toû sphēnós	τοῖν σφηνοῖν toîn sphēnoîn	τῶν σφηνῶν tôn sphēnôn
Dative	τῷ σφηνῐ́ tôi sphēní	τοῖν σφηνοῖν toîn sphēnoîn	τοῖς σφησῐ́ / σφησῐ́ν toîs sphēsí(n)
Accusative	τὸν σφῆνᾰ tòn sphêna	τὼ σφῆνε tṑ sphêne	τοὺς σφῆνᾰς toùs sphênas
Vocative	σφήν sphḗn	σφῆνε sphêne	σφῆνες sphênes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

σφήν in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
σφήν in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
σφήν in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
σφήν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
σφήν in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G3816 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- wedge idem, page 971.
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “σφήν”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress
University of Helsinki's Proto-Indo-European Lexicon

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