σιγύνης

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

σίγυμνον (sígumnon)
σίγυνον (sígunon)

Etymology

According to Herodotus and Aristotle, the word is Cyprian, whereas someone else says it's Scythian. The word resembles the ethnonym Σιγύνναι (Sigúnnai), a people of Iranian (Scythian) descent. According to Beekes, due to the presence of alternative forms, the word can be of Pre-Greek origin. The similarity with σιβύνη (sibúnē, “spear”) is only coincidental.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /si.ɡý.nɛːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /siˈɡy.nes/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /siˈɣy.nis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /siˈʝy.nis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /siˈʝi.nis/

Mark the vowel length of the ambiguous vowels ι and ύ by adding a macron after each one if it is long, or a breve if it is short. By default, Module:grc-pronunciation assumes it is short if unmarked.
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Noun

σιγύνης • (sigúnēs) m (genitive σιγύνου); first declension

A hunting spear

Inflection

First declension of ὁ σιγύνης; τοῦ σιγύνου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ σιγύνης ho sigúnēs	τὼ σιγύνᾱ tṑ sigúnā	οἱ σιγύναι hoi sigúnai
Genitive	τοῦ σιγύνου toû sigúnou	τοῖν σιγύναιν toîn sigúnain	τῶν σιγυνῶν tôn sigunôn
Dative	τῷ σιγύνῃ tôi sigúnēi	τοῖν σιγύναιν toîn sigúnain	τοῖς σιγύναις toîs sigúnais
Accusative	τὸν σιγύνην tòn sigúnēn	τὼ σιγύνᾱ tṑ sigúnā	τοὺς σιγύνᾱς toùs sigúnās
Vocative	σιγύνη sigúnē	σιγύνᾱ sigúnā	σιγύναι sigúnai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

σιγύνης in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
σιγύνης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

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