πήνη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to weave, to twist”) and cognate with Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to exert oneself”), Proto-Germanic *spinnaną (“to spin”) and Lithuanian pìnti (“to twist”). Beekes, however, rejects this proposal and leaves the origin open.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pɛ̌ː.nɛː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ne/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ni/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ni/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ni/

Noun

πήνη • (pḗnē) f (genitive πήνης); first declension

The thread on the bobbin in the shuttle; the woof
A bobbin, a spool

Inflection

First declension of ἡ πήνη; τῆς πήνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πήνη hē pḗnē	τὼ πήνᾱ tṑ pḗnā	αἱ πῆναι hai pênai
Genitive	τῆς πήνης tês pḗnēs	τοῖν πήναιν toîn pḗnain	τῶν πηνῶν tôn pēnôn
Dative	τῇ πήνῃ têi pḗnēi	τοῖν πήναιν toîn pḗnain	ταῖς πήναις taîs pḗnais
Accusative	τὴν πήνην tḕn pḗnēn	τὼ πήνᾱ tṑ pḗnā	τᾱ̀ς πήνᾱς tā̀s pḗnās
Vocative	πήνη pḗnē	πήνᾱ pḗnā	πῆναι pênai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

πηνῖτις (pēnîtis)
πηνίζομαι (pēnízomai)
πηνίον (pēníon)

Related terms

πῆνος (pênos)

References

πήνη in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
πήνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

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