οὐαί

Beekes argues for a Semitic loanword. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *wai.

οὐαί • (ouaí)

1. (exclamation of pain and anger) ah, woe, alas
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Amos 5.18
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, 1 Kings 13.30
   • 108 CE, Arrian, Discourses of Epictetus 3.19.1

   Οὐαὶ τοῖς ἡττημένοις.

   Ouaì toîs hēttēménois.

   Woe to the conquered. (translation of vae victis)

• οὐαί in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• οὐαί in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• οὐαί in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• G3759 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN