μάστιξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Pre-Greek.[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /más.tiːks/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmas.tiks/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmas.tiks/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmas.tiks/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmas.tiks/

Noun

μάστῑξ • (mástīx) f (genitive μάστῑγος); third declension

(mostly for driving horses) whip, scourge
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.748
  - 11.532
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.3
  - 7.56
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 242
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.4..25
- 519 BCE – 422 BCE, Cratinus, Collected Works 275
- 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 933
- Phryn., Com. 36
1. (figuratively) lash of eloquence
  - 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 4.219
(figuratively) scourge, plague
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.37
  - 13.812
- 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 682
- 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 608
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 642
- New Testament, The Gospel of Mark 5:34

Declension

Third declension of ἡ μάστῑξ; τῆς μάστῑγος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ μάστῑξ hē mástīx	τὼ μάστῑγε tṑ mástīge	αἱ μάστῑγες hai mástīges
Genitive	τῆς μάστῑγος tês mástīgos	τοῖν μαστῑ́γοιν toîn mastī́goin	τῶν μαστῑ́γων tôn mastī́gōn
Dative	τῇ μάστῑγῐ têi mástīgi	τοῖν μαστῑ́γοιν toîn mastī́goin	ταῖς μάστῑξῐ / μάστῑξῐν taîs mástīxi(n)
Accusative	τὴν μάστῑγᾰ tḕn mástīga	τὼ μάστῑγε tṑ mástīge	τᾱ̀ς μάστῑγᾰς tā̀s mástīgas
Vocative	μάστῑξ mástīx	μάστῑγε mástīge	μάστῑγες mástīges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἀμαστῑ́γωτος (amastī́gōtos)
ἀπομαστῑγόω (apomastīgóō)
γραμματικομάστῑξ (grammatikomástīx)
δῐᾰμαστιγόω (diamastigóō)
κᾰτᾰμαστίζω (katamastízō)
μάστειρᾰ (másteira)
μαστιάω (mastiáō)
μαστῑγέω (mastīgéō)
μαστῑγῐ́ᾱ (mastīgíā)
μαστῑγῐ́ᾱς (mastīgíās)
μαστῑγιάω (mastīgiáō)
μαστῑ́γῐον (mastī́gion)
μαστῑγονομέομαι (mastīgonoméomai)
μαστῑγονόμος (mastīgonómos)
μαστῑγοφορέω (mastīgophoréō)
μαστῑγοφόρος (mastīgophóros)
μαστῑγόω (mastīgóō)
μαστῑγώσῐμος (mastīgṓsimos)
μαστῑ́γωσῐς (mastī́gōsis)
μαστῑγωτέος (mastīgōtéos)
μαστῑγωτῐκός (mastīgōtikós)
μαστίζω (mastízō)
μαστῑ́κτειρᾰ (mastī́kteira)
μαστῑ́κτωρ (mastī́ktōr)
μαστιστής (mastistḗs)
μαστίω (mastíō)
Ὁμηρομάστῑξ (Homēromástīx)
ὁμομαστῑγίας (homomastīgías)
προσμαστῑγόω (prosmastīgóō)
ῥητορομάστῑξ (rhētoromástīx)
σειρομάστῑξ (seiromástīx)
συμμαστῑγόω (summastīgóō)
τριμαστῑγίας (trimastīgías)

Synonyms

ἄβδης (ábdēs)

Further reading

μάστιξ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
μάστιξ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
μάστιξ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
μάστιξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
μάστιξ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
μάστιξ in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G3148 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
μάστιξ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- lash idem, page 477.
- scourge idem, page 741.
- whip idem, page 976.

References

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μάστιξ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 911–912

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