κάρταλλος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κάρταλος (kártalos)

Etymology

Uncertain.

Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *k(e)rt- (“to turn”), related to Ancient Greek κυρτία (kurtía, “anything made of wicker”), Sanskrit कृणत्ति (kṛṇátti, “to twist thread, to spin”), Sanskrit चृटति (cṛṭáti, “to bind, to fasten together”), Latin crātis (“wattle fence, corral”), English hurdle.
According to Beekes, spelling variation rather suggests Pre-Greek origin.
Possibly from Aramaic קרטל‎ (qarṭāl, “basket”) (Christian spelling ܩܪܛܠܐ‎), which could be:
- from Hittite 𒄑𒆳𒋫𒀀𒀠 (kurtal-, kartal-), or
- from Middle Persian glyw' (grīw, “a measure of grain, a peck”) + -dʾl (dār, “holder, keeper, container of”), or
- itself actually from Ancient Greek.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kár.tal.los/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.tal.los/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.tal.los/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.tal.los/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.ta.los/

Mark the vowel length of the ambiguous vowels ά and α by adding a macron after each one if it is long, or a breve if it is short. By default, Module:grc-pronunciation assumes it is short if unmarked.
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Noun

κάρταλλος • (kártallos) m (genitive καρτάλλου); second declension

A basket with a pointed bottom

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κάρταλλος; τοῦ καρτάλλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κάρταλλος ho kártallos	τὼ καρτάλλω tṑ kartállō	οἱ κάρταλλοι hoi kártalloi
Genitive	τοῦ καρτάλλου toû kartállou	τοῖν καρτάλλοιν toîn kartálloin	τῶν καρτάλλων tôn kartállōn
Dative	τῷ καρτάλλῳ tôi kartállōi	τοῖν καρτάλλοιν toîn kartálloin	τοῖς καρτάλλοις toîs kartállois
Accusative	τὸν κάρταλλον tòn kártallon	τὼ καρτάλλω tṑ kartállō	τοὺς καρτάλλους toùs kartállous
Vocative	κάρταλλε kártalle	καρτάλλω kartállō	κάρταλλοι kártalloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

καρτάλλιον (kartállion)

Descendants

→ Latin: cartallus