γυνή

Ancient Greek
Ἡ γυνὴ καλέεται Σαπφὼ Λέσϐου.

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”). Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀙𐀊 (ku-na-ja), Sanskrit जनि (jani), Old Armenian կին (kin), and Old English cwēn (English queen).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

γῠνή • (gunḗ) f (genitive γῠναικός); third declension

  1. woman, female
    412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 329:
    Γυναῖκα γὰρ δὴ συμπονεῖν γυναικὶ χρή.
    Gunaîka gàr dḕ sumponeîn gunaikì khrḗ.
    A woman ought to help a woman.
    Palladas :
    Πᾶσα γυνὴ χόλος ἐστὶν· ἔχει δ’ ἀγαθὰς δύο ὥρας, τὴν μίαν ἐν θαλάμῳ, τὴν μίαν ἐν θανάτῳ.
    Pâsa gunḕ khólos estìn; ékhei d’ agathàs dúo hṓras, tḕn mían en thalámōi, tḕn mían en thanátōi.
    Every woman is an annoyance. She has two good times: one in the bedroom, one in death.
  2. wife

Inflection
Irregular declension of ἡ γῠνή; τῆς γῠναικός (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ γῠνή
hē gunḗ		 τὼ γῠναῖκε
tṑ gunaîke		 αἱ γῠναῖκες
hai gunaîkes
Genitive τῆς γῠναικός
tês gunaikós		 τοῖν γῠναικοῖν
toîn gunaikoîn		 τῶν γῠναικῶν
tôn gunaikôn
Dative τῇ γῠναικί
têi gunaikí		 τοῖν γῠναικοῖν
toîn gunaikoîn		 ταῖς γῠναιξί / γῠναιξίν
taîs gunaixí(n)
Accusative τὴν γῠναῖκᾰ
tḕn gunaîka		 τὼ γῠναῖκε
tṑ gunaîke		 τᾱ̀ς γῠναῖκᾰς
tā̀s gunaîkas
Vocative γύναι
gúnai		 γῠναῖκε
gunaîke		 γῠναῖκες
gunaîkes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

Descendants

Further reading
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