γαστήρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Dissimilation of earlier *γράστερ (*gráster, “devourer”), from γράω (gráō, “to eat”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡas.tɛ̌ːr/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɡasˈter/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɣasˈtir/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ɣasˈtir/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ɣasˈtir/

Noun

γᾰστήρ • (gastḗr) f (genitive γᾰστέρος or γᾰστρός); third declension

Usage notes

The root of γᾰστήρ (gastḗr) contains an ε (e) between τ (t) and ρ (r) which is often syncopated, leading to alternate forms such as genitive singular γαστέρος (gastéros) and γαστρός (gastrós), dative singular γαστέρι (gastéri) and γαστρί (gastrí), dative plural γαστῆρσι (gastêrsi) and γαστράσι (gastrási). The syncopated form is generally more common in forms with long suffixes, such as the aforementioned. The inflection table below lists the more common forms.

Inflection

Irregular declension of ἡ γᾰστήρ; τῆς γᾰστέρος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ γᾰστήρ hē gastḗr	τὼ γᾰστέρε tṑ gastére	αἱ γᾰστέρες hai gastéres
Genitive	τῆς γᾰστέρος / γᾰστρός tês gastéros / gastrós	τοῖν γᾰστέροιν toîn gastéroin	τῶν γᾰστέρων tôn gastérōn
Dative	τῇ γᾰστέρῐ / γᾰστρῐ́ têi gastéri / gastrí	τοῖν γᾰστέροιν toîn gastéroin	ταῖς γᾰστῆρσῐ / γᾰστῆρσῐν / γᾰστρᾰ́σῐ / γᾰστρᾰ́σῐν taîs gastêrsi(n) / gastrási(n)
Accusative	τὴν γᾰστέρᾰ tḕn gastéra	τὼ γᾰστέρε tṑ gastére	τᾱ̀ς γᾰστέρᾰς tā̀s gastéras
Vocative	γᾰστήρ gastḗr	γᾰστέρε gastére	γᾰστέρες gastéres
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

γαστήρ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
γαστήρ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
γαστήρ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
γαστήρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
γαστήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
γαστήρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
γαστήρ in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G1064 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- appetite idem, page 35.
- belly idem, page 72.
- maw idem, page 518.
- paunch idem, page 599.
- stomach idem, page 819.
- womb idem, page 987.

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