Φοῖνιξ

See also: φοῖνιξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The ethnonym is homophonous with φοῖνιξ (phoînix), the Greek name of Tyrian purple. There has been some debate as to whether the ethnonym was derived from the name of the dye or vice versa. While it seems in any case likely that both are influenced by the genuinely Greek adjective φοινός (phoinós, “blood-red”), use of the ethnonym is found in use in ancient Mycenean as 𐀡𐀛𐀑𐀍 (po-ni-ki-jo). This in turn is apparently borrowed from the Egyptian fnḫw (fenkhu), probably their plural term for "woodcutters" or "carpenters", which would refer to the peoples of the land of Canaan in the region of the Levant to the north, who supplied Egypt with the cedar wood cut from their forests.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

Φοῖνῐξ • (Phoînix) m or f (genitive Φοίνῑκος); third declension

  1. Phoenician
  2. Carthaginian (as descendants of Phoenicia)

Proper noun

Φοῖνῐξ • (Phoînix) m (genitive Φοίνῑκος); third declension

  1. Phoenix, a city on the Mediterranean Sea.

Inflection
  • Inflection is the same for both noun and proper noun.
Third declension of ὁ, ἡ Φοῖνῐξ; τοῦ, τῆς Φοίνῑκος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ, ἡ Φοῖνῐξ
ho, hē Phoînix		 τὼ Φοίνῑκε
tṑ Phoínīke		 οἱ, αἱ Φοίνῑκες
hoi, hai Phoínīkes
Genitive τοῦ, τῆς Φοίνῑκος
toû, tês Phoínīkos		 τοῖν Φοινῑ́κοιν
toîn Phoinī́koin		 τῶν Φοινῑ́κων
tôn Phoinī́kōn
Dative τῷ, τῇ Φοίνῑκῐ
tôi, têi Phoínīki		 τοῖν Φοινῑ́κοιν
toîn Phoinī́koin		 τοῖς, ταῖς Φοίνῑξῐ / Φοίνῑξῐν
toîs, taîs Phoínīxi(n)
Accusative τὸν, τὴν Φοίνῑκᾰ
tòn, tḕn Phoínīka		 τὼ Φοίνῑκε
tṑ Phoínīke		 τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς Φοίνῑκᾰς
toùs, tā̀s Phoínīkas
Vocative Φοῖνῐξ
Phoînix		 Φοίνῑκε
Phoínīke		 Φοίνῑκες
Phoínīkes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading
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