žodis

Lithuanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

An extended-grade deverbative < archaic žàsti (speak; awaken); see žadė́ti (promise). Cognate with Latvian zadinât (ridicule, blame; debate). Blažek's connection with Ancient Greek γηθέω (gēthéō, be glad), Tocharian A kācke (joy happiness), Tocharian B katkauña (happiness)[1] < Proto-Indo-European *ǵeh₂dʰ-[2] fails to explain the underlying short vowel, and is, on balance, semantically rather weak. The -õ- is a secondary lengthened grade, as is typical for deverbals in -is.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʐoː.dʲɪs/

Noun

žõdis m (plural žõdžiai) stress pattern 2

  1. word (smallest meaningful unit of speech)
  2. word, speech, utterance (act of speech, often as opposed to action)
    Apgìnti šãlį víen drąsių̃ žõdžių neužteñka. - Words are not enough to defend your country.
    Žõdžiù, ẽsame paténkinti pasirinkimù. - Basically (= in a word), we're satisfied with our choice.
  3. speech, the right to speak one's mind
    žõdžio láisvė - freedom of speech
  4. word, promise
    Dúok žõdį, kàd ateĩs. - Give me your word that you'll come.

Declension

Derived terms

References

  1. Václav Blažek (2010) 'Lithuanian žodis "word"' in Baltistica, volume XLV(2), page 306
  2. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 270
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