īstenība
See also: īstenībā
Latvian
Etymology
A 19th-century neologism, derived from īstens (“real”) + -ība and first mentioned in K. Valdemārs' 1872 German-Russian-Latvian dictionary.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
īstenība f (4th declension)
- reality (the existing world; that which actually exists)
- objektīvā īstenība ― objective reality
- dzīves īstenība ― life, living reality
- literatūras kā īstenības atspoguļotāja ― literature as a reflection of reality
- atgriezties īstenībā ― to come back to reality (i.e., to stop dreaming)
- īstenības izteiksme ― indicative (lit. reality) mood (in verb conjugations)
- (in the locative, used adverbially) in reality, in fact, actually, really
- Dāvis īstenībā jau bija liels puisis ― Dāvis was in fact already a big guy
- varbūt pat neatzinis, kas īstenībā padarīts ― maybe he himself didn't recognize what had really been done
Declension
Declension of īstenība (4th declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | īstenība | — |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | īstenību | — |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | īstenības | — |
| dative (datīvs) | īstenībai | — |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | īstenību | — |
| locative (lokatīvs) | īstenībā | — |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | īstenība | — |
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “īsts”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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