échouer
See also: êchouer
French
Etymology
Origin uncertain.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.ʃwe/
Verb
échouer
- to fail, fall through, miscarry
- (informal) to end, wind up
- Ils échouaient criblés de dettes. | They ended up in mountains of debt.
- (transitive and intransitive) to ground, run aground
- (voluntarily) to beach
Conjugation
Conjugation of échouer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | échouant /e.ʃwɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | échoué /e.ʃwe/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | échouer | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | échouant /e.ʃwɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | échoue /e.ʃu/ |
échoues /e.ʃu/ |
échoue /e.ʃu/ |
échouons /e.ʃwɔ̃/ |
échouez /e.ʃwe/ |
échouent /e.ʃu/ |
| imperfect | échouais /e.ʃwɛ/ |
échouais /e.ʃwɛ/ |
échouait /e.ʃwɛ/ |
échouions /e.ʃu.jɔ̃/ |
échouiez /e.ʃu.je/ |
échouaient /e.ʃwɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | échouai /e.ʃwe/ |
échouas /e.ʃwa/ |
échoua /e.ʃwa/ |
échouâmes /e.ʃwam/ |
échouâtes /e.ʃwat/ |
échouèrent /e.ʃwɛʁ/ | |
| future | échouerai /e.ʃu.ʁe/ |
échoueras /e.ʃu.ʁa/ |
échouera /e.ʃu.ʁa/ |
échouerons /e.ʃu.ʁɔ̃/ |
échouerez /e.ʃu.ʁe/ |
échoueront /e.ʃu.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | échouerais /e.ʃu.ʁɛ/ |
échouerais /e.ʃu.ʁɛ/ |
échouerait /e.ʃu.ʁɛ/ |
échouerions /e.ʃu.ʁjɔ̃/ |
échoueriez /e.ʃu.ʁje/ |
échoueraient /e.ʃu.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | échoue /e.ʃu/ |
échoues /e.ʃu/ |
échoue /e.ʃu/ |
échouions /e.ʃu.jɔ̃/ |
échouiez /e.ʃu.je/ |
échouent /e.ʃu/ |
| imperfect2 | échouasse /e.ʃwas/ |
échouasses /e.ʃwas/ |
échouât /e.ʃwa/ |
échouassions /e.ʃwa.sjɔ̃/ |
échouassiez /e.ʃwa.sje/ |
échouassent /e.ʃwas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | échoue /e.ʃu/ |
— | échouons /e.ʃwɔ̃/ |
échouez /e.ʃwe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “échouer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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