wḏ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb

 2-lit.

  1. (transitive) to command
    • 6th Dynasty, Giza, Western Cemetery, Shaft G 2188 Y, Block of sunk relief inscription mentioning the dog Abutiu (35-10-22/Cairo JE 67573), lines 3–6:[1]






      wḏ ḥm.f qrs.f rḏj n.f qrst m prwj-ḥḏ (j)dmj ꜥꜣ wrt [s]nṯr
      His Majesty commanded that he be buried, that he be given a burial from the two treasuries and very much fine linen and incense.
  2. (transitive) to decree
  3. (transitive) to give over, commend, entrust, or assign (someone or something) (+ n: to (some person or fate))

Inflection
Conjugation of wḏ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: wḏ, geminated stem: wḏḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
wḏ
 wḏw, wḏ
 wḏt
 wḏ, j.wḏ
 wḏ, j.wḏ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
wḏ
 ḥr wḏ
 m wḏ
 r wḏ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect wḏ.n
 wḏw, wḏ
 consecutive wḏ.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative wḏt
perfective3 wḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative wḏ.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective wḏ, j.wḏ1
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 wḏ
 wḏḏ
 potentialis wḏ.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive wḏ, j.wḏ1
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect wḏ.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective wḏ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 wḏ
 wḏḏ, wḏḏj6, wḏ2, wḏw2 5, wḏy2 5
imperfective j.wḏ1, wḏ, wḏy, wḏw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 j.wḏ1, j.wḏw1 5, wḏ, wḏj6, wḏy6
 wḏ, wḏw5
prospective wḏ, wḏtj7
 — wḏtj4, wḏt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wḏ  
wḏ wḏ

Derived terms

Noun

 m

  1. command
  2. decree

Inflection
Declension of wḏ (masculine)
singular wḏ
dual wḏwj
plural wḏw

Synonyms

Noun

 m

  1. stela

Inflection
Declension of wḏ (masculine)
singular wḏ
dual wḏwj
plural wḏw

References
  1. Reisner, George A. (1936) “The Dog which was Honored by the King of Upper and Lower Egypt” in Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, volume XXXIV, number 206, pages 96–99
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