vitrum

From Latin vitrum.

vitrum (plural vitra)

1. (obsolete) Glass; a glassy material.
   • 1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia:

     I imagine it to be some small parcel of the Steel, which by the violence of the motion of the stroke […] is made so glowing hot, that it is melted into a Vitrum, which by the ambient Air is thrust into the form of a Ball.

From Proto-Italic *wedrom (“glass”), from Proto-Indo-European *wed-ro- (“water-like”), from *wed- (“water”) (whence also Latin unda (“water”)). Compare semantic parallel in Middle Iranian where "glass" is also derived from "water": Middle Persian ʾp̄ḵynk' (ābgēnag, “crystal, glass”), compound of ʾp̄ (āb, “water”) + -kyn' (-gēn) + -k' (-ag) > Persian آبگینه‎ (ābgīna, “glass”), Sogdian ʾʾpkyn-, ʾʾpkynʾk (“crystal”), Ossetian авг (avg) (Iron) / авгæ (avgæ, “glass; bottle”) (Digor). Compare also Old Armenian ապակի (apaki) and Hungarian üveg (“glass; bottle”). The plant and its dye were named after the color of glass in antiquity.

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈwi.trum/, [ˈwɪ.trũ]

vitrum n (genitive vitrī); second declension

1. glass

   Mihi dicendum est de materia, ex qua vitrum conficitur.

2. a woad; a plant used for dying blue
3. woad; a blue dye used by the Britons made from that plant

Second declension.

• hyalus

• in vitro

• vitreus

• glastum, isatis

• vitrum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vitrum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vitrum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• vitrum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• vitrum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vitrum in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 684
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 212