tóg

See also: tog and togʻ

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Back-formation from tógáil, from Middle Irish tócbáil, verbal noun of do·fócaib (“lifts up, raises”).

Pronunciation

Verb

tóg (present analytic tógann, future analytic tógfaidh, verbal noun tógáil, past participle tógtha)

  1. to raise, lift, hoist, elevate, take up
    • 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
      Fe dheire do bhí ar an gcaptaen a sheólta a thógaint suas agus dul go dtí dúthaigh éigin ag triall ar lasc [sic; lasta] eile.
      Finally the captain had to hoist his sails and go to some country for another cargo.
  2. to erect, build
  3. to rear, bring up
    gamhain a thógáil ― to rear a calf
    Rugadh agus tógadh i mBaile Átha Cliath é.
    He was born and raised in Dublin.
  4. to seize (take possession of by force, law etc.)

Inflection
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present tógaim tógann tú;
tógair†		 tógann sé, sí tógaimid tógann sibh tógann siad;
tógaid†		 a thógann; a thógas /
a dtógann*; a dtógas*		 tógtar
past thóg mé; thógas thóg tú; thógais thóg sé, sí thógamar; thóg muid thóg sibh; thógabhair thóg siad; thógadar a thóg /
ar thóg*		 tógadh
past habitual thógainn thógtá thógadh sé, sí thógaimis; thógadh muid thógadh sibh thógaidís; thógadh siad a thógadh /
ar thógadh*		 thógtaí
future tógfaidh mé;
tógfad		 tógfaidh tú;
tógfair†		 tógfaidh sé, sí tógfaimid;
tógfaidh muid		 tógfaidh sibh tógfaidh siad;
tógfaid†		 a thógfaidh; a thógfas /
a dtógfaidh*; a dtógfas*		 tógfar
conditional thógfainn / dtógfainn‡‡ thógfá / dtógfᇇ thógfadh sé, sí / dtógfadh sé, s퇇 thógfaimis; thógfadh muid / dtógfaimis‡‡; dtógfadh muid‡‡ thógfadh sibh / dtógfadh sibh‡‡ thógfaidís; thógfadh siad / dtógfaidís‡‡; dtógfadh siad‡‡ a thógfadh /
ar thógfadh*		 thógfaí / dtógfa퇇
subjunctive present go dtóga mé;
go dtógad†		 go dtóga tú;
go dtógair†		 go dtóga sé, sí go dtógaimid;
go dtóga muid		 go dtóga sibh go dtóga siad;
go dtógaid†		 — go dtógtar
past dá dtógainn dá dtógtá dá dtógadh sé, sí dá dtógaimis;
dá dtógadh muid		 dá dtógadh sibh dá dtógaidís;
dá dtógadh siad		 — dá dtógtaí
imperative tógaim tóg tógadh sé, sí tógaimis tógaigí;
tógaidh†		 tógaidís — tógtar
verbal noun tógáil
past participle tógtha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

  • Alternative verbal noun: tógaint (Munster)
  • There also exist archaic spellings with bh before vowel-initial endings, e.g. first-person singular tógbhaim, verbal noun tógbháil.

Derived terms
  • atóg
  • tóg ar
  • tóg as
  • tóg chuig
  • tóg de
  • tóg do
  • tóg i
  • tóg isteach
  • tóg le
  • tóg ó
  • tóg suas

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
tóg thóg dtóg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • “do·fócaib” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “tócbáil” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “tógaim” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 739.
  • "tóg" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • Entries containing “tóg” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “tóg” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
  • “tóg” at the Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926 of the Royal Irish Academy.
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