tarbh

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tarb, from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) (compare Welsh tarw, Cornish tarow, Breton tarv, Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (“bull”) (compare Latin taurus).

Pronunciation

(Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ˠaɾˠuː/
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ˠaɾˠu/

Noun

tarbh m (genitive singular tairbh, nominative plural tairbh)

bull

Declension

Declension of tarbh

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tarbh	tairbh
Vocative	a thairbh	a tharbha
Genitive	tairbh	tarbh
Dative	tarbh	tairbh

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an tarbh	na tairbh
Genitive	an tairbh	na dtarbh
Dative	leis an tarbh don tarbh	leis na tairbh

Alternative plurals:
- toirbh (Cois Fharraige)
- tuirbh

Derived terms

An Tarbh m (“Taurus”)
tarbh- (“bull-; bull-like, massive, powerful”)
tarbhadóir m, tarbhchomhraiceoir m (“toreador, bullfighter”)
tarbhán m (“bull-calf; young bull”)
tarbh-bhrocaire m (“bull-terrier”)
tarbhchomhrac m (“bullfight; bullfighting”)
tarbhdha (“bull-like”, adjective)
tarbhghadhar m (“bull-dog”)
tarbhghríosú m (“bull-baiting”)
tarbh róin m (“bull-seal”)
tarbh sliasta (“thick of thigh, buttock”) (literary)
tarbh tána m (“leader of herd; ringleader”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
tarbh	tharbh	dtarbh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

"tarbh" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “tarb”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
Entries containing “tarbh” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
Entries containing “tarbh” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish tarb, from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) (compare Welsh tarw, Cornish tarow, Breton tarv, Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (“bull”) (compare Latin taurus).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [t̪ʰaɾav]

Noun

tarbh m (genitive singular tairbh, plural tairbh)

bull
(astronomy, astrology) Taurus

Derived terms

tarbh-allaidh (“buffalo”)
tarbhan (“little bull; young bull”, diminutive)
tarbh-boidhre (“monster, demon”)
tarbh-chù (“bulldog”)
tarbh-coille (“dark cloud which when seen on New Year's Day portends a stormy season”)
tarbh-dallaig (“blue shark”)
tarbh-mhadadh (“bulldog”)
tarbh-nathrach (“dragonfly; moth”)
tarbh-oighre (“bull supposed to serve cows grazing near to lochs in which they are supposed to live”)
tarbh-réidh (“farm-bull”)
tarbh-ruagadh (“bull-baiting”)
tarbh-shìolag (“weever or viperfish”)
tarbh-tàna (“parish-, district-, or herd-bull, bull which is the property of a district”)
tàrbh-truid (“furious bull”)
tarbh-uisge (“water-bull, sea-bull or -cow”)

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
tarbh	tharbh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “tarb”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN

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