surveiller

French

Etymology

From Old French surveillier, equivalent to sur- +‎ veiller, corresponding to Latin super (“on top of”) + vigilō (“to watch”). Cognate with English to survey

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /syʁ.vɛ.je/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

surveiller

  1. to monitor, to survey, to watch

Conjugation
Conjugation of surveiller (see also Appendix:French verbs)
present participle surveillant
/syʁ.vɛ.jɑ̃/
past participle surveillé
/syʁ.vɛ.je/
infinitive
simple surveiller
compound avoir + past participle
gerund1
simple surveillant
/syʁ.vɛ.jɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present surveille
/syʁ.vɛj/		 surveilles
/syʁ.vɛj/		 surveille
/syʁ.vɛj/		 surveillons
/syʁ.vɛ.jɔ̃/		 surveillez
/syʁ.vɛ.je/		 surveillent
/syʁ.vɛj/
imperfect surveillais
/syʁ.vɛ.jɛ/		 surveillais
/syʁ.vɛ.jɛ/		 surveillait
/syʁ.vɛ.jɛ/		 surveillions
/syʁ.vɛj.jɔ̃/		 surveilliez
/syʁ.vɛj.je/		 surveillaient
/syʁ.vɛ.jɛ/
past historic2 surveillai
/syʁ.vɛ.je/		 surveillas
/syʁ.vɛ.ja/		 surveilla
/syʁ.vɛ.ja/		 surveillâmes
/syʁ.vɛ.jam/		 surveillâtes
/syʁ.vɛ.jat/		 surveillèrent
/syʁ.vɛ.jɛʁ/
future surveillerai
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁe/		 surveilleras
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁa/		 surveillera
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁa/		 surveillerons
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁɔ̃/		 surveillerez
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁe/		 surveilleront
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁɔ̃/
conditional surveillerais
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁɛ/		 surveillerais
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁɛ/		 surveillerait
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁɛ/		 surveillerions
/syʁ.vɛ.jə.ʁjɔ̃/		 surveilleriez
/syʁ.vɛ.jə.ʁje/		 surveilleraient
/syʁ.vɛj.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present surveille
/syʁ.vɛj/		 surveilles
/syʁ.vɛj/		 surveille
/syʁ.vɛj/		 surveillions
/syʁ.vɛj.jɔ̃/		 surveilliez
/syʁ.vɛj.je/		 surveillent
/syʁ.vɛj/
imperfect2 surveillasse
/syʁ.vɛ.jas/		 surveillasses
/syʁ.vɛ.jas/		 surveillât
/syʁ.vɛ.ja/		 surveillassions
/syʁ.vɛ.ja.sjɔ̃/		 surveillassiez
/syʁ.vɛ.ja.sje/		 surveillassent
/syʁ.vɛ.jas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — surveille
/syʁ.vɛj/		 — surveillons
/syʁ.vɛ.jɔ̃/		 surveillez
/syʁ.vɛ.je/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 Only usable with preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

Old French

Verb

surveiller

  1. Alternative form of surveillier

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-eill, *-eills, *-eillt are modified to eil, euz, eut. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of surveiller (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive surveiller avoir surveillé
gerund en surveillant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle surveillant
past participle surveillé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present surveil surveilles surveille surveillons surveillez surveillent
imperfect surveilloie, surveilleie, surveilloe, surveilleve surveilloies, surveilleies, surveilloes, surveilleves surveilloit, surveilleit, surveillot, surveilleve surveilliiens, surveilliens surveilliiez, surveilliez surveilloient, surveilleient, surveilloent, surveillevent
preterite surveillai surveillas surveilla surveillames surveillastes surveillerent
future surveillerai surveilleras surveillera surveillerons surveilleroiz, surveillereiz, surveillerez surveilleront
conditional surveilleroie, surveillereie surveilleroies, surveillereies surveilleroit, surveillereit surveilleriiens, surveilleriens surveilleriiez, surveilleriez surveilleroient, surveillereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present surveil surveuz surveut surveillons surveillez surveillent
imperfect surveillasse surveillasses surveillast surveillissons, surveillissiens surveillissoiz, surveillissez, surveillissiez surveillassent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— surveille — surveillons surveillez —
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