ssn

See also: SSN

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ sn (“to smell, to kiss”).

Pronunciation

Verb

 caus. 2-lit.

  1. (transitive or intransitive, of a person or a nose) to breathe [since the Pyramid Texts]
  2. (transitive) to smell (a scent) [since the Pyramid Texts]

Usage notes

By the Late Period, snsn (“to smell, to inhale”) began to replace this word.

Inflection
Conjugation of ssn (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: ssn
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
ssnt, ssn
 ssnw, ssn
 ssnt
 ssn
 ssn
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ssn
 ḥr ssn
 m ssn
 r ssn
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect ssn.n
 ssnw, ssn
 consecutive ssn.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative ssnt
perfective3 ssn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative ssn.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective ssn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 ssnw, ssn, ssny
 ssnw, ssn, ssny
 potentialis ssn.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive ssn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect ssn.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective ssn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 ssn
 ssn, ssnw5, ssny5
imperfective ssn, ssny, ssnw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 ssn, ssnj6, ssny6
 ssn, ssnw5
prospective ssn, ssntj7
 — ssnwtj1 4, ssntj4, ssnt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ssn  







ssn ssnj ssnj ssn ssn ssn
[since the Pyramid Texts;
common since the Middle Kingdom]		 [since the New Kingdom] [since the New Kingdom] [since the New Kingdom] [since the New Kingdom] [since the New Kingdom]

References
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 277.9–277.16
  • Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 245
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