somesha

Swahili

Verb

-somesha (infinitive kusomesha)

Causative form of -soma: make (someone) read, teach how to read
educate

Conjugation

Conjugation of -somesha

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kusomesha

kutosomesha

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

somesha

somesheni

Habitual

husomesha

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	nilisomesha nalisomesha	tulisomesha twalisomesha	ulisomesha walisomesha	mlisomesha mwalisomesha	alisomesha	walisomesha	ulisomesha	ilisomesha	lilisomesha	yalisomesha	kilisomesha	vilisomesha	ilisomesha	zilisomesha	ulisomesha	kulisomesha	palisomesha	mulisomesha
Relative	niliosomesha naliosomesha	tuliosomesha twaliosomesha	uliosomesha waliosomesha	mliosomesha mwaliosomesha	aliosomesha	waliosomesha	uliosomesha	iliosomesha	liliosomesha	yaliosomesha	kiliosomesha	viliosomesha	iliosomesha	ziliosomesha	uliosomesha	kuliosomesha	paliosomesha	muliosomesha
Negative	sikusomesha	hatukusomesha	hukusomesha	hamkusomesha	hakusomesha	hawakusomesha	haukusomesha	haikusomesha	halikusomesha	hayakusomesha	hakikusomesha	havikusomesha	haikusomesha	hazikusomesha	haukusomesha	hakukusomesha	hapakusomesha	hamukusomesha

Present
Positive	ninasomesha nasomesha	tunasomesha	unasomesha	mnasomesha	anasomesha	wanasomesha	unasomesha	inasomesha	linasomesha	yanasomesha	kinasomesha	vinasomesha	inasomesha	zinasomesha	unasomesha	kunasomesha	panasomesha	munasomesha
Relative	ninaosomesha naosomesha	tunaosomesha	unaosomesha	mnaosomesha	anaosomesha	wanaosomesha	unaosomesha	inaosomesha	linaosomesha	yanaosomesha	kinaosomesha	vinaosomesha	inaosomesha	zinaosomesha	unaosomesha	kunaosomesha	panaosomesha	munaosomesha
Negative	sisomeshi	hatusomeshi	husomeshi	hamsomeshi	hasomeshi	hawasomeshi	hausomeshi	haisomeshi	halisomeshi	hayasomeshi	hakisomeshi	havisomeshi	haisomeshi	hazisomeshi	hausomeshi	hakusomeshi	hapasomeshi	hamusomeshi

Future
Positive	nitasomesha	tutasomesha	utasomesha	mtasomesha	atasomesha	watasomesha	utasomesha	itasomesha	litasomesha	yatasomesha	kitasomesha	vitasomesha	itasomesha	zitasomesha	utasomesha	kutasomesha	patasomesha	mutasomesha
Relative	nitakaosomesha	tutakaosomesha	utakaosomesha	mtakaosomesha	atakaosomesha	watakaosomesha	utakaosomesha	itakaosomesha	litakaosomesha	yatakaosomesha	kitakaosomesha	vitakaosomesha	itakaosomesha	zitakaosomesha	utakaosomesha	kutakaosomesha	patakaosomesha	mutakaosomesha
Negative	sitasomesha	hatutasomesha	hutasomesha	hamtasomesha	hatasomesha	hawatasomesha	hautasomesha	haitasomesha	halitasomesha	hayatasomesha	hakitasomesha	havitasomesha	haitasomesha	hazitasomesha	hautasomesha	hakutasomesha	hapatasomesha	hamutasomesha

Subjunctive
Positive	nisomeshe	tusomeshe	usomeshe	msomeshe	asomeshe	wasomeshe	usomeshe	isomeshe	lisomeshe	yasomeshe	kisomeshe	visomeshe	isomeshe	zisomeshe	usomeshe	kusomeshe	pasomeshe	musomeshe
Negative	nisisomeshe	tusisomeshe	usisomeshe	msisomeshe	asisomeshe	wasisomeshe	usisomeshe	isisomeshe	lisisomeshe	yasisomeshe	kisisomeshe	visisomeshe	isisomeshe	zisisomeshe	usisomeshe	kusisomeshe	pasisomeshe	musisomeshe

Present Conditional
Positive	ningesomesha	tungesomesha	ungesomesha	mngesomesha	angesomesha	wangesomesha	ungesomesha	ingesomesha	lingesomesha	yangesomesha	kingesomesha	vingesomesha	ingesomesha	zingesomesha	ungesomesha	kungesomesha	pangesomesha	mungesomesha
Negative	nisingesomesha singesomesha	tusingesomesha hatungesomesha	usingesomesha hungesomesha	msingesomesha hamngesomesha	asingesomesha hangesomesha	wasingesomesha hawangesomesha	usingesomesha haungesomesha	isingesomesha haingesomesha	lisingesomesha halingesomesha	yasingesomesha hayangesomesha	kisingesomesha hakingesomesha	visingesomesha havingesomesha	isingesomesha haingesomesha	zisingesomesha hazingesomesha	usingesomesha haungesomesha	kusingesomesha hakungesomesha	pasingesomesha hapangesomesha	musingesomesha hamungesomesha

Past Conditional
Positive	ningalisomesha	tungalisomesha	ungalisomesha	mngalisomesha	angalisomesha	wangalisomesha	ungalisomesha	ingalisomesha	lingalisomesha	yangalisomesha	kingalisomesha	vingalisomesha	ingalisomesha	zingalisomesha	ungalisomesha	kungalisomesha	pangalisomesha	mungalisomesha
Negative	nisingalisomesha singalisomesha	tusingalisomesha hatungalisomesha	usingalisomesha hungalisomesha	msingalisomesha hamngalisomesha	asingalisomesha hangalisomesha	wasingalisomesha hawangalisomesha	usingalisomesha haungalisomesha	isingalisomesha haingalisomesha	lisingalisomesha halingalisomesha	yasingalisomesha hayangalisomesha	kisingalisomesha hakingalisomesha	visingalisomesha havingalisomesha	isingalisomesha haingalisomesha	zisingalisomesha hazingalisomesha	usingalisomesha haungalisomesha	kusingalisomesha hakungalisomesha	pasingalisomesha hapangalisomesha	musingalisomesha hamungalisomesha

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningelisomesha	tungelisomesha	ungelisomesha	mngelisomesha	angelisomesha	wangelisomesha	ungelisomesha	ingelisomesha	lingelisomesha	yangelisomesha	kingelisomesha	vingelisomesha	ingelisomesha	zingelisomesha	ungelisomesha	kungelisomesha	pangelisomesha	mungelisomesha

General Relative
Positive	nisomeshao	tusomeshao	usomeshao	msomeshao	asomeshao	wasomeshao	usomeshao	isomeshao	lisomeshao	yasomeshao	kisomeshao	visomeshao	isomeshao	zisomeshao	usomeshao	kusomeshao	pasomeshao	musomeshao
Negative	nisiosomesha	tusiosomesha	usiosomesha	msiosomesha	asiosomesha	wasiosomesha	usiosomesha	isiosomesha	lisiosomesha	yasiosomesha	kisiosomesha	visiosomesha	isiosomesha	zisiosomesha	usiosomesha	kusiosomesha	pasiosomesha	musiosomesha

Gnomic
Positive	nasomesha	twasomesha	wasomesha	mwasomesha	asomesha	wasomesha	wasomesha	yasomesha	lasomesha	yasomesha	chasomesha	vyasomesha	yasomesha	zasomesha	wasomesha	kwasomesha	pasomesha	mwasomesha

Perfect
Positive	nimesomesha	tumesomesha	umesomesha	mmesomesha	amesomesha	wamesomesha	umesomesha	imesomesha	limesomesha	yamesomesha	kimesomesha	vimesomesha	imesomesha	zimesomesha	umesomesha	kumesomesha	pamesomesha	mumesomesha

"Already"
Positive	nimeshasomesha	tumeshasomesha	umeshasomesha	mmeshasomesha	ameshasomesha	wameshasomesha	umeshasomesha	imeshasomesha	limeshasomesha	yameshasomesha	kimeshasomesha	vimeshasomesha	imeshasomesha	zimeshasomesha	umeshasomesha	kumeshasomesha	pameshasomesha	mumeshasomesha

"Not yet"
Negative	sijasomesha	hatujasomesha	hujasomesha	hamjasomesha	hajasomesha	hawajasomesha	haujasomesha	haijasomesha	halijasomesha	hayajasomesha	hakijasomesha	havijasomesha	haijasomesha	hazijasomesha	haujasomesha	hakujasomesha	hapajasomesha	hamujasomesha

"If/When"
Positive	nikisomesha	tukisomesha	ukisomesha	mkisomesha	akisomesha	wakisomesha	ukisomesha	ikisomesha	likisomesha	yakisomesha	kikisomesha	vikisomesha	ikisomesha	zikisomesha	ukisomesha	kukisomesha	pakisomesha	mukisomesha

"If not"
Negative	nisiposomesha	tusiposomesha	usiposomesha	msiposomesha	asiposomesha	wasiposomesha	usiposomesha	isiposomesha	lisiposomesha	yasiposomesha	kisiposomesha	visiposomesha	isiposomesha	zisiposomesha	usiposomesha	kusiposomesha	pasiposomesha	musiposomesha

Consecutive
Positive	nikasomesha	tukasomesha	ukasomesha	mkasomesha	akasomesha	wakasomesha	ukasomesha	ikasomesha	likasomesha	yakasomesha	kikasomesha	vikasomesha	ikasomesha	zikasomesha	ukasomesha	kukasomesha	pakasomesha	mukasomesha

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

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