scyld

Old English

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʃyld/

Etymology 1

From earlier scield.

Noun

sċyld m

  1. Alternative form of scield

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *skuldiz (“guilt”), from Proto-Indo-European *skel- (“to be guilty, be obligated, owe”). Cognate with Old Frisian schuld, Old Saxon skuld (“crime, due”), Old High German sculd (German Schuld), Old Norse skuld. Related to shall, should.

Noun

sċyld f

  1. guilt, sin
    Hē bæd his sċylde forġiefnesse. — He begged forgiveness for his sins.
  2. debt, obligation, liability, due
    Hē þā sċyld forlēt wiþ hine. — He forgave the debt against him.

Declension
Declension of scyld (strong ō-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative sċyld sċylda, sċylde
accusative sċylde sċylda, sċylde
genitive sċylde sċylda
dative sċylde sċyldum

Synonyms

Antonyms
Derived terms
  • dēaþsċyld f (“crime worthy of death”)
  • dēaþsċyldiġ (“condemned to death”)
  • efensċyldiġ (“equally guilty”)
  • feorhsċyldiġ (“guilty of death”)
  • forsċyldiġian (“to condemn”)
  • forsċyldiġod, forsċyldeġod (“guilty”)
  • frumsċyld f (“original sin”)
  • godsċyld f (“sin against God, impiety”)
  • godsċyldiġ (“impious”)
  • morþorsċyldiġ (“guilty of murder”)
  • nīedsċyld f (“moral necessity”)
  • synsċyldiġ (“wicked”)
  • sċyldan (“to accuse”)
  • sċyldfrecu f (“wicked craving”)
  • sċyldful (“sinful, guilty”)
  • sċyldiġ (“guilty”)
ealdres sċyldiġ (“having forfeited his life: liable, responsible, in debt to”)
  • sċyldiġnes f (“guilt”)
  • sċyldlēas (“guiltless”)
  • sċyldlǣta m (“bailiff”)
  • sċyldwīte n (“fine for a crime of violence”)
  • sċyldwreċċende (“avenging sin”)
  • sċyldwyrcende (“evil-doing”)
  • sċyldġian, sċyldiġian (“to sin; place in the position of a criminal, render liable to punishment”)
  • sċyldġung f (“sum demanded as wergeld”)
  • twisċyldiġ (“liable to a double penalty”)
  • unsċyld f (“innocence”)
  • unsċyldiġ (“guiltless, innocent, not responsible”)
  • unsċyldiġlic (“excusable”)
  • unsċyldiġlīċe (“innocently”)
  • unsċyldiġnes f (“innocence”)
  • unsċyldġung f (“innocence”)
  • þēofsċyldiġ (“guilty of theft”)
  • þurhsċyldiġ (“very guilty”)
  • ġesċyld
  • ǣsċyldian (“to offend”)
Descendants

References
  • 1916, John R. Clark, "A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary for the Use of Students", scyld et al.
  • Bosworth, J. (2010, March 21). An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online (T. N. Toller & Others, Eds.). scyld. Retrieved December 9, 2011, from http://bosworth.ff.cuni.cz/027109
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