ruoka

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *rooka, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *rōkā (“care, attention”). Cognates include Estonian roog, Votic rooka, Ludian ruog.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈruo̯kɑ/, [ˈruo̞̯kɑ]

Noun

ruoka

  1. food
  2. meal

Declension
Inflection of ruoka (Kotus type 10/koira, k- gradation)
nominative ruoka ruoat
genitive ruoan ruokien
partitive ruokaa ruokia
illative ruokaan ruokiin
singular plural
nominative ruoka ruoat
accusative nom. ruoka ruoat
gen. ruoan
genitive ruoan ruokien
ruokainrare
partitive ruokaa ruokia
inessive ruoassa ruoissa
elative ruoasta ruoista
illative ruokaan ruokiin
adessive ruoalla ruoilla
ablative ruoalta ruoilta
allative ruoalle ruoille
essive ruokana ruokina
translative ruoaksi ruoiksi
instructive — ruoin
abessive ruoatta ruoitta
comitative — ruokineen
Inflection of ruoka (Kotus type 10/koira, ok-u gradation)
nominative ruoka ruuat
genitive ruuan ruokien
partitive ruokaa ruokia
illative ruokaan ruokiin
singular plural
nominative ruoka ruuat
accusative nom. ruoka ruuat
gen. ruuan
genitive ruuan ruokien
ruokainrare
partitive ruokaa ruokia
inessive ruuassa ruuissa
elative ruuasta ruuista
illative ruokaan ruokiin
adessive ruualla ruuilla
ablative ruualta ruuilta
allative ruualle ruuille
essive ruokana ruokina
translative ruuaksi ruuiksi
instructive — ruuin
abessive ruuatta ruuitta
comitative — ruokineen

Usage notes

Both of the two ways of inflecting ruoka presented above are regarded as equally acceptable by Kotus, an authority in Finnish language. In practice, the former declension is more common in written language while the latter is more common in spoken language.

Synonyms

Derived terms
Derived terms

Compounds
compounds

See also

References
  • Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004-2005). Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja. Juva: WSOY. →ISBN.

Anagrams
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