ramper
English
Noun
ramper (plural rampers)
- (historical) One of a gang of ruffians who intimidated bookmakers at races, claiming to have placed bets when they had not.
French
Etymology
From Middle French, from Old French ramper (“to crawl up, climb”), from Old Frankish *rampōn, *hrampōn, from *rampa, *hrampa (“hook, claw, talon”), from Proto-Germanic *hrempaną (“to shrink up, shrivel”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁɑ̃.pe/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of ramper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | rampant /ʁɑ̃.pɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | rampé /ʁɑ̃.pe/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | ramper | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | rampant /ʁɑ̃.pɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampes /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampons /ʁɑ̃.pɔ̃/ |
rampez /ʁɑ̃.pe/ |
rampent /ʁɑ̃p/ |
| imperfect | rampais /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ |
rampais /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ |
rampait /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ |
rampions /ʁɑ̃.pjɔ̃/ |
rampiez /ʁɑ̃.pje/ |
rampaient /ʁɑ̃.pɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | rampai /ʁɑ̃.pe/ |
rampas /ʁɑ̃.pa/ |
rampa /ʁɑ̃.pa/ |
rampâmes /ʁɑ̃.pam/ |
rampâtes /ʁɑ̃.pat/ |
rampèrent /ʁɑ̃.pɛʁ/ | |
| future | ramperai /ʁɑ̃.pʁe/ |
ramperas /ʁɑ̃.pʁa/ |
rampera /ʁɑ̃.pʁa/ |
ramperons /ʁɑ̃.pʁɔ̃/ |
ramperez /ʁɑ̃.pʁe/ |
ramperont /ʁɑ̃.pʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | ramperais /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
ramperais /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
ramperait /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ |
ramperions /ʁɑ̃.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
ramperiez /ʁɑ̃.pə.ʁje/ |
ramperaient /ʁɑ̃.pʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampes /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
rampions /ʁɑ̃.pjɔ̃/ |
rampiez /ʁɑ̃.pje/ |
rampent /ʁɑ̃p/ |
| imperfect2 | rampasse /ʁɑ̃.pas/ |
rampasses /ʁɑ̃.pas/ |
rampât /ʁɑ̃.pa/ |
rampassions /ʁɑ̃.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
rampassiez /ʁɑ̃.pa.sje/ |
rampassent /ʁɑ̃.pas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | rampe /ʁɑ̃p/ |
— | rampons /ʁɑ̃.pɔ̃/ |
rampez /ʁɑ̃.pe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “ramper” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Norwegian Bokmål
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-mps, *-mpt are modified to ns, nt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of ramper (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ramper | avoir rampé | |||||
| gerund | en rampant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | rampant | ||||||
| past participle | rampé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | ramp | rampes | rampe | rampons | rampez | rampent |
| imperfect | rampoie, rampeie, rampoe, rampeve | rampoies, rampeies, rampoes, rampeves | rampoit, rampeit, rampot, rampeve | rampiiens, rampiens | rampiiez, rampiez | rampoient, rampeient, rampoent, rampevent | |
| preterite | rampai | rampas | rampa | rampames | rampastes | ramperent | |
| future | ramperai | ramperas | rampera | ramperons | ramperoiz, rampereiz, ramperez | ramperont | |
| conditional | ramperoie, rampereie | ramperoies, rampereies | ramperoit, rampereit | ramperiiens, ramperiens | ramperiiez, ramperiez | ramperoient, rampereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | ramp | rans | rant | rampons | rampez | rampent |
| imperfect | rampasse | rampasses | rampast | rampissons, rampissiens | rampissoiz, rampissez, rampissiez | rampassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | rampe | — | rampons | rampez | — | ||
Derived terms
This article is issued from
Wiktionary.
The text is licensed under Creative
Commons - Attribution - Sharealike.
Additional terms may apply for the media files.