painajainen
Finnish
(index pa)
John Henry Fuseli: Nightmare.
Etymology
< painaa (“to press”) – originally, painajainen was a demon that sat on a sleeping person's chest, thus pressing it and causing bad dreams.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɑinɑjɑinen/
- Hyphenation: pai‧na‧jai‧nen
Declension
| Inflection of painajainen (Kotus type 38/nainen, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | painajainen | painajaiset | |
| genitive | painajaisen | painajaisten painajaisien | |
| partitive | painajaista | painajaisia | |
| illative | painajaiseen | painajaisiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | painajainen | painajaiset | |
| accusative | nom. | painajainen | painajaiset |
| gen. | painajaisen | ||
| genitive | painajaisen | painajaisten painajaisien | |
| partitive | painajaista | painajaisia | |
| inessive | painajaisessa | painajaisissa | |
| elative | painajaisesta | painajaisista | |
| illative | painajaiseen | painajaisiin | |
| adessive | painajaisella | painajaisilla | |
| ablative | painajaiselta | painajaisilta | |
| allative | painajaiselle | painajaisille | |
| essive | painajaisena | painajaisina | |
| translative | painajaiseksi | painajaisiksi | |
| instructive | — | painajaisin | |
| abessive | painajaisetta | painajaisitta | |
| comitative | — | painajaisineen | |
Synonyms
- (demon): mara (in Western dialects)
- (bad dream): painajaisuni
Derived terms
- nähdä painajaista = to see a nightmare
- painajaismainen
- painajaistunnelma
- painajaisuni
See also
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