onyana

Swahili

Verb

-onyana (infinitive kuonyana)

Reciprocal form of -onya

Conjugation

Conjugation of -onyana

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kuonyana

kutoonyana

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

onyana

onyaneni

Habitual

huonyana

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	nilionyana nalionyana	tulionyana twalionyana	ulionyana walionyana	mlionyana mwalionyana	alionyana	walionyana	ulionyana	ilionyana	lilionyana	yalionyana	kilionyana	vilionyana	ilionyana	zilionyana	ulionyana	kulionyana	palionyana	mulionyana
Relative	nilioonyana nalioonyana	tulioonyana twalioonyana	ulioonyana walioonyana	mlioonyana mwalioonyana	alioonyana	walioonyana	ulioonyana	ilioonyana	lilioonyana	yalioonyana	kilioonyana	vilioonyana	ilioonyana	zilioonyana	ulioonyana	kulioonyana	palioonyana	mulioonyana
Negative	sikuonyana	hatukuonyana	hukuonyana	hamkuonyana	hakuonyana	hawakuonyana	haukuonyana	haikuonyana	halikuonyana	hayakuonyana	hakikuonyana	havikuonyana	haikuonyana	hazikuonyana	haukuonyana	hakukuonyana	hapakuonyana	hamukuonyana

Present
Positive	ninaonyana naonyana	tunaonyana	unaonyana	mnaonyana	anaonyana	wanaonyana	unaonyana	inaonyana	linaonyana	yanaonyana	kinaonyana	vinaonyana	inaonyana	zinaonyana	unaonyana	kunaonyana	panaonyana	munaonyana
Relative	ninaoonyana naoonyana	tunaoonyana	unaoonyana	mnaoonyana	anaoonyana	wanaoonyana	unaoonyana	inaoonyana	linaoonyana	yanaoonyana	kinaoonyana	vinaoonyana	inaoonyana	zinaoonyana	unaoonyana	kunaoonyana	panaoonyana	munaoonyana
Negative	sionyani	hatuonyani	huonyani	hamonyani	haonyani	hawaonyani	hauonyani	haionyani	halionyani	hayaonyani	hakionyani	havionyani	haionyani	hazionyani	hauonyani	hakuonyani	hapaonyani	hamuonyani

Future
Positive	nitaonyana	tutaonyana	utaonyana	mtaonyana	ataonyana	wataonyana	utaonyana	itaonyana	litaonyana	yataonyana	kitaonyana	vitaonyana	itaonyana	zitaonyana	utaonyana	kutaonyana	pataonyana	mutaonyana
Relative	nitakaoonyana	tutakaoonyana	utakaoonyana	mtakaoonyana	atakaoonyana	watakaoonyana	utakaoonyana	itakaoonyana	litakaoonyana	yatakaoonyana	kitakaoonyana	vitakaoonyana	itakaoonyana	zitakaoonyana	utakaoonyana	kutakaoonyana	patakaoonyana	mutakaoonyana
Negative	sitaonyana	hatutaonyana	hutaonyana	hamtaonyana	hataonyana	hawataonyana	hautaonyana	haitaonyana	halitaonyana	hayataonyana	hakitaonyana	havitaonyana	haitaonyana	hazitaonyana	hautaonyana	hakutaonyana	hapataonyana	hamutaonyana

Subjunctive
Positive	nionyane	tuonyane	uonyane	monyane	aonyane	waonyane	uonyane	ionyane	lionyane	yaonyane	kionyane	vionyane	ionyane	zionyane	uonyane	kuonyane	paonyane	muonyane
Negative	nisionyane	tusionyane	usionyane	msionyane	asionyane	wasionyane	usionyane	isionyane	lisionyane	yasionyane	kisionyane	visionyane	isionyane	zisionyane	usionyane	kusionyane	pasionyane	musionyane

Present Conditional
Positive	ningeonyana	tungeonyana	ungeonyana	mngeonyana	angeonyana	wangeonyana	ungeonyana	ingeonyana	lingeonyana	yangeonyana	kingeonyana	vingeonyana	ingeonyana	zingeonyana	ungeonyana	kungeonyana	pangeonyana	mungeonyana
Negative	nisingeonyana singeonyana	tusingeonyana hatungeonyana	usingeonyana hungeonyana	msingeonyana hamngeonyana	asingeonyana hangeonyana	wasingeonyana hawangeonyana	usingeonyana haungeonyana	isingeonyana haingeonyana	lisingeonyana halingeonyana	yasingeonyana hayangeonyana	kisingeonyana hakingeonyana	visingeonyana havingeonyana	isingeonyana haingeonyana	zisingeonyana hazingeonyana	usingeonyana haungeonyana	kusingeonyana hakungeonyana	pasingeonyana hapangeonyana	musingeonyana hamungeonyana

Past Conditional
Positive	ningalionyana	tungalionyana	ungalionyana	mngalionyana	angalionyana	wangalionyana	ungalionyana	ingalionyana	lingalionyana	yangalionyana	kingalionyana	vingalionyana	ingalionyana	zingalionyana	ungalionyana	kungalionyana	pangalionyana	mungalionyana
Negative	nisingalionyana singalionyana	tusingalionyana hatungalionyana	usingalionyana hungalionyana	msingalionyana hamngalionyana	asingalionyana hangalionyana	wasingalionyana hawangalionyana	usingalionyana haungalionyana	isingalionyana haingalionyana	lisingalionyana halingalionyana	yasingalionyana hayangalionyana	kisingalionyana hakingalionyana	visingalionyana havingalionyana	isingalionyana haingalionyana	zisingalionyana hazingalionyana	usingalionyana haungalionyana	kusingalionyana hakungalionyana	pasingalionyana hapangalionyana	musingalionyana hamungalionyana

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningelionyana	tungelionyana	ungelionyana	mngelionyana	angelionyana	wangelionyana	ungelionyana	ingelionyana	lingelionyana	yangelionyana	kingelionyana	vingelionyana	ingelionyana	zingelionyana	ungelionyana	kungelionyana	pangelionyana	mungelionyana

General Relative
Positive	nionyanao	tuonyanao	uonyanao	monyanao	aonyanao	waonyanao	uonyanao	ionyanao	lionyanao	yaonyanao	kionyanao	vionyanao	ionyanao	zionyanao	uonyanao	kuonyanao	paonyanao	muonyanao
Negative	nisioonyana	tusioonyana	usioonyana	msioonyana	asioonyana	wasioonyana	usioonyana	isioonyana	lisioonyana	yasioonyana	kisioonyana	visioonyana	isioonyana	zisioonyana	usioonyana	kusioonyana	pasioonyana	musioonyana

Gnomic
Positive	naonyana	twaonyana	waonyana	mwaonyana	aonyana	waonyana	waonyana	yaonyana	laonyana	yaonyana	chaonyana	vyaonyana	yaonyana	zaonyana	waonyana	kwaonyana	paonyana	mwaonyana

Perfect
Positive	nimeonyana	tumeonyana	umeonyana	mmeonyana	ameonyana	wameonyana	umeonyana	imeonyana	limeonyana	yameonyana	kimeonyana	vimeonyana	imeonyana	zimeonyana	umeonyana	kumeonyana	pameonyana	mumeonyana

"Already"
Positive	nimeshaonyana	tumeshaonyana	umeshaonyana	mmeshaonyana	ameshaonyana	wameshaonyana	umeshaonyana	imeshaonyana	limeshaonyana	yameshaonyana	kimeshaonyana	vimeshaonyana	imeshaonyana	zimeshaonyana	umeshaonyana	kumeshaonyana	pameshaonyana	mumeshaonyana

"Not yet"
Negative	sijaonyana	hatujaonyana	hujaonyana	hamjaonyana	hajaonyana	hawajaonyana	haujaonyana	haijaonyana	halijaonyana	hayajaonyana	hakijaonyana	havijaonyana	haijaonyana	hazijaonyana	haujaonyana	hakujaonyana	hapajaonyana	hamujaonyana

"If/When"
Positive	nikionyana	tukionyana	ukionyana	mkionyana	akionyana	wakionyana	ukionyana	ikionyana	likionyana	yakionyana	kikionyana	vikionyana	ikionyana	zikionyana	ukionyana	kukionyana	pakionyana	mukionyana

"If not"
Negative	nisipoonyana	tusipoonyana	usipoonyana	msipoonyana	asipoonyana	wasipoonyana	usipoonyana	isipoonyana	lisipoonyana	yasipoonyana	kisipoonyana	visipoonyana	isipoonyana	zisipoonyana	usipoonyana	kusipoonyana	pasipoonyana	musipoonyana

Consecutive
Positive	nikaonyana	tukaonyana	ukaonyana	mkaonyana	akaonyana	wakaonyana	ukaonyana	ikaonyana	likaonyana	yakaonyana	kikaonyana	vikaonyana	ikaonyana	zikaonyana	ukaonyana	kukaonyana	pakaonyana	mukaonyana

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

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