naʼałkǫ́ǫ́ʼ
Navajo
Etymology
na- (atelic, circuital) + -ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -Ø- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, thematic) + -kǫ́ǫ́ʼ (continuative imperfective stem of root -KǪ́Ǫ́’, “to swim”).
Verb
naʼałkǫ́ǫ́ʼ
- he/she goes swimming, is swimming about
- (in the perfective) he/she swam to a location and swam back
Conjugation
Paradigm: Continuative (Ø/si).
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | naʼashkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | naʼiilkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼiilkǫ́ǫ́ʼ |
| 2nd person | naʼíłkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | naʼołkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼołkǫ́ǫ́ʼ |
| 3rd person | naʼałkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼałkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | |
| 4th person | nʼjiłkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼjiłkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | niʼséłkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | niʼsiilkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼsiilkǫ́ǫ́ʼ |
| 2nd person | niʼsíníłkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | niʼsoołkǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼsoołkǫ́ǫ́ʼ |
| 3rd person | naʼaskǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼaskǫ́ǫ́ʼ | |
| 4th person | nʼjiskǫ́ǫ́ʼ | ndaʼjiskǫ́ǫ́ʼ | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | nʼdeeshkǫǫł | nʼdiilkǫǫł | ndaʼdiilkǫǫł |
| 2nd person | nʼdííłkǫǫł | nʼdoołkǫǫł | ndaʼdoołkǫǫł |
| 3rd person | nʼdoołkǫǫł | ndaʼdoołkǫǫł | |
| 4th person | nizhʼdoołkǫǫł | ndazhʼdoołkǫǫł | |
Verbal stems
- IMPERFECTIVE: -kǫ́ǫ́ʼ
- PERFECTIVE: -kǫ́ǫ́ʼ
- FUTURE: -kǫǫł
- ITERATIVE: -kǫ́ǫ́h
- OPTATIVE: -kǫ́ǫ́ʼ
Alternative forms
- naʼałkǫʼ
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