mundrs

Latvian

Etymology

A parallel form (with an infix n, maybe originally from Curonian dialects, perhaps under the influence of *mandrs, an older form of modrs, q.v.) of an earlier (and still attested) form mudrs, from Proto-Baltic *mud- with an extra r, from Proto-Indo-European *mewd-, *mūd-, *mud- (lively, cheerful), from a stem *mew- (humid, wet; to wash, to bathe). German munter (lively, cheerful, awake) may have influenced the meaning and the form of this word. Cognates include Lithuanian muñdras, mundrùs, Latin mundus (clean, shiny) (< *mundos).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [mūndɾs]
(file)

Adjective

mundrs (definite mundrais, comparative mundrāks, superlative vismundrākais, adverb mundri)

  1. lively, vibrant, energetic, active, alert (having strength and vitality; being ready for action)
    mundra un dzīvespriecīga meitenelively and cheerful girl
    Elga ir mundra un lokana, vaigi piesārtuši no ātrajām kustībām āra gaisāElga ir lively and flexible (= agile, nimble), (her) cheeks red from (her) quick movements in the outside air
    Guba izskatījās mundrs, pašpārliecināts, uzņēmīgs, tāds, kuru nebija iebiedējusi negaidītā nelaimeGuba looked lively, self-confident, enterprising, as one who is not afraid of unexpected misfortune
  2. lively, vibrant, energetic, active, alert (expressing such qualities; which is compatible with, or predisposes to, such qualities)
    mundrs solislively step(s)
    mundra balsslively voice
    mundrs noskaņojumslively mood
    mundras kustībaslively movements
    rosīga un mundra dzīvebustling and vibrant life
    mundras marša skaņaslively marching sounds
    Magones acis mirdzēja ar dīvainu, pievilcīgu, mundru spēkuMagone's eyes shone with a strange, attractive, lively strength
    laiks bija lielisks: mundrs vējš pūta kursāthe weather was great: a lively, brisk wind flew on course
    mundrs zaļums kā viļņiem vien plūst pretī no dārziem, no parkiem, no atāliem pļāviņāsthe lively green flows like waves from the gardens, from the parks, from the aftergrass on the meadows

Declension

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), mundrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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