miškas

Lithuanian

Etymology

Unclear. While the dialectal term mẽdžias (“forest”) is cognate with Latvian mežs (“forest”) and thus from Proto-Balto-Slavic *medja- (“boundary”) (compare Old Prussian median (“forest”), Russian межа́ (mežá, “boundary-strip”), Czech meze (“between”)), mìškas cannot be connected with such certainty on phonetic grounds.

A connection with Ancient Greek μίσχος (mískhos, “stalk of a flower or leaf”) and μίσκος (mískos, “pod, shell”) is difficult semantically, unless we posit an original meaning of "trunk, bar" for the Lithuanian word.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈmɪʂ.kɐs/

Noun

mìškas m (plural miškaĩ) stress pattern 4 [2]

  1. forest (dense collection of trees)
  2. (dialectal) wood or timber used for building

Declension
declension of miškas
singular (vienaskaita) plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas) mìškas miškaĩ
genitive (kilmininkas) mìško miškų̃
dative (naudininkas) mìškui miškáms
accusative (galininkas) mìšką miškùs
instrumental (įnagininkas) miškù miškaĩs
locative (vietininkas) miškè miškuosè
vocative (šauksmininkas) mìške miškaĩ

Synonyms
  • (forest): giria; (dialectal, Southern Aukštaitian) mẽdžias

Hyponyms

Derived terms
  • miškelis
  • miškinis
  • miškingas
  • miškininkas
  • miškakirtys

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 958
  2. “miškas” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.
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