maidhm

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish maidm, verbal noun of maidid. The verb is denominal from the verbal noun, while the rare synonym maígh comes directly from the Old Irish verb.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /mˠəimʲ/

Noun

maidhm f or m (genitive singular maidhme or madhma, nominative plural maidhmeanna or madhmanna)

  1. break, burst, eruption
  2. defeat, rout (act of defeating and breaking up an army or another opponent)
    1. loud report, explosion
    2. detonation
  4. breaker (wave)
    Synonym: maidhm thoinne
  5. (nonstandard) verbal noun of maidhm
  6. Alternative form of mám

Declension
Declension of maidhm

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative maidhm maidhmeanna
Vocative a mhaidhm a mhaidhmeanna
Genitive maidhme maidhmeanna
Dative maidhm maidhmeanna

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an mhaidhm na maidhmeanna
Genitive na maidhme na maidhmeanna
Dative leis an maidhm

don mhaidhm

 leis na maidhmeanna
Alternative declension
Declension of maidhm

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative maidhm madhmanna
Vocative a mhaidhm a mhadhmanna
Genitive madhma madhmanna
Dative maidhm madhmanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an mhaidhm na madhmanna
Genitive na madhma na madhmanna
Dative leis an maidhm

don mhaidhm

 leis na madhmanna

Derived terms
  • maidhm bháistí (“cloudburst”)
  • maidhm chroí (“heartbreak”)
  • maidhm rabharta, maidhm thaoide (“surging tide, bore”)
  • maidhm sheicne (“hernia”)
  • maidhm shléibhe, maidhm shneachta (“avalanche”)
  • maidhm thalún (“landslide”)
  • maidhm thoinne (“breaker”)
  • maidhm thuile (“flash flood”)

Verb

maidhm (present analytic madhmann, future analytic madhmfaidh, verbal noun madhmadh, past participle madhmtha) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. break, burst, erupt
  2. defeat, rout
  3. detonate

Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present madhmaim madhmann tú;
madhmair†		 madhmann sé, sí madhmaimid madhmann sibh madhmann siad;
madhmaid†		 a mhadhmann; a mhadhmas /
a madhmann*; a madhmas*		 madhmtar
past mhadhim mé; mhadhmas mhadhim tú; mhadhmais mhadhim sé, sí mhadhmamar; mhadhim muid mhadhim sibh; mhadhmabhair mhadhim siad; mhadhmadar a mhadhim /
ar mhadhim*		 madhmadh
past habitual mhadhmainn mhadhmtá mhadhmadh sé, sí mhadhmaimis; mhadhmadh muid mhadhmadh sibh mhadhmaidís; mhadhmadh siad a mhadhmadh /
ar mhadhmadh*		 mhadhmtaí
future madhmfaidh mé;
madhmfad		 madhmfaidh tú;
madhmfair†		 madhmfaidh sé, sí madhmfaimid;
madhmfaidh muid		 madhmfaidh sibh madhmfaidh siad;
madhmfaid†		 a mhadhmfaidh; a mhadhmfas /
a madhmfaidh*; a madhmfas*		 madhmfar
conditional mhadhmfainn / madhmfainn‡‡ mhadhmfá / madhmfᇇ mhadhmfadh sé, sí / madhmfadh sé, s퇇 mhadhmfaimis; mhadhmfadh muid / madhmfaimis‡‡; madhmfadh muid‡‡ mhadhmfadh sibh / madhmfadh sibh‡‡ mhadhmfaidís; mhadhmfadh siad / madhmfaidís‡‡; madhmfadh siad‡‡ a mhadhmfadh /
ar mhadhmfadh*		 mhadhmfaí / madhmfa퇇
subjunctive present go madhma mé;
go madhmad†		 go madhma tú;
go madhmair†		 go madhma sé, sí go madhmaimid;
go madhma muid		 go madhma sibh go madhma siad;
go madhmaid†		 — go madhmtar
past dá madhmainn dá madhmtá dá madhmadh sé, sí dá madhmaimis;
dá madhmadh muid		 dá madhmadh sibh dá madhmaidís;
dá madhmadh siad		 — dá madhmtaí
imperative madhmaim madhim madhmadh sé, sí madhmaimis madhmaigí;
madhmaidh†		 madhmaidís — madhmtar
verbal noun madhmadh
past participle madhmtha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative forms
  • maidh, maidhmigh

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
maidhm mhaidhm not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • "maidhm" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “maiḋm” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 457.
  • “maidm” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • Entries containing “maidhm” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “maidhm” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
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