laedo

Latin

Etymology

Of uncertain origin[1]; proposed derivations include:

From a Proto-Indo-European root common to Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”), λίστρον (lístron, “spade, shovel”) and Latvian lîžu (“to clear a land”).
From Proto-Indo-European *slaid-, *sled-, a root common to Old English slītan (“to tear”).
From a Proto-Indo-European root common to Old Norse lesta (“to damage”), lǫstr (“damage”) and Ancient Greek λαιδρός (laidrós, “bold”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈlae̯.doː/, [ˈɫae̯.doː]

Verb

laedō (present infinitive laedere, perfect active laesī, supine laesum); third conjugation

I strike, hurt.
I offend.
I thwart.
I betray.

Inflection

Conjugation of laedo (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	laedō	laedis	laedit	laedimus	laeditis	laedunt
	imperfect	laedēbam	laedēbās	laedēbat	laedēbāmus	laedēbātis	laedēbant
	future	laedam	laedēs	laedet	laedēmus	laedētis	laedent
	perfect	laesī	laesistī	laesit	laesimus	laesistis	laesērunt, laesēre
	pluperfect	laeseram	laeserās	laeserat	laeserāmus	laeserātis	laeserant
	future perfect	laeserō	laeseris	laeserit	laeserimus	laeseritis	laeserint
passive	present	laedor	laederis, laedere	laeditur	laedimur	laediminī	laeduntur
	imperfect	laedēbar	laedēbāris, laedēbāre	laedēbātur	laedēbāmur	laedēbāminī	laedēbantur
	future	laedar	laedēris, laedēre	laedētur	laedēmur	laedēminī	laedentur
	perfect	laesus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	laesus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	laesus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	laedam	laedās	laedat	laedāmus	laedātis	laedant
	imperfect	laederem	laederēs	laederet	laederēmus	laederētis	laederent
	perfect	laeserim	laeserīs	laeserit	laeserimus	laeseritis	laeserint
	pluperfect	laesissem	laesissēs	laesisset	laesissēmus	laesissētis	laesissent
passive	present	laedar	laedāris, laedāre	laedātur	laedāmur	laedāminī	laedantur
	imperfect	laederer	laederēris, laederēre	laederētur	laederēmur	laederēminī	laederentur
	perfect	laesus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	laesus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	laede	—	—	laedite	—
active	future	—	laeditō	laeditō	—	laeditōte	laeduntō
passive	present	—	laedere	—	—	laediminī	—
passive	future	—	laeditor	laeditor	—	—	laeduntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		laedere	laesisse	laesūrus esse	laedī	laesus esse	laesum īrī
participles		laedēns	—	laesūrus	—	laesus	laedendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		nominative	genitive	dative/ablative	accusative	accusative	ablative
		laedere	laedendī	laedendō	laedendum	laesum	laesū

Derived terms

Descendants

English: lesion, elide (through elido), collide (through collido), lese-majesty
Italian: ledere
Spanish: leder
German: lädieren

References

laedo in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
laedo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
laedo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to break one's word: fidem laedere, violare, frangere

Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938), “laedo”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 749

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[1] Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938), “laedo”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 749