jꜣwj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb

 4ae inf.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) old [since the Old Kingdom]

Inflection
Conjugation of jꜣwj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: jꜣw
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
jꜣwt, jꜣwj
 jꜣww, jꜣwyw, jꜣw
 jꜣwt, jꜣwwt, jꜣwyt
 jꜣw
 jꜣw, jꜣwy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
jꜣw8
 ḥr jꜣwt, ḥr jꜣwj
 m jꜣwt, ḥr jꜣwj
 r jꜣwt, ḥr jꜣwj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect jꜣw.n
 consecutive jꜣw.jn
terminative jꜣwt
perfective3 jꜣw
 obligative jꜣw.ḫr
imperfective jꜣw, jꜣwy
prospective3 jꜣww, jꜣw, jꜣwy
 potentialis jꜣw.kꜣ
subjunctive jꜣw, jꜣwy
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect jꜣw.n
 — —
perfective jꜣww1, jꜣwy, jꜣw
 jꜣw
 jꜣwy, jꜣw
imperfective jꜣw, jꜣwy, jꜣww5
 jꜣw, jꜣwj6, jꜣwy6
 jꜣw, jꜣww5
prospective jꜣww1, jꜣwy, jꜣw, jꜣwtj7
 jꜣwwtj1 4, jꜣwtj4, jꜣwt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Synonyms

Noun

 m

  1. Alternative form of jꜣw (“old age”)

References
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 28.8
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 455.
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