independence

See also: Independence

English

Etymology

From French indépendance

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɪndɪˈpɛndəns/
Audio (US) (file)
Hyphenation: in‧de‧pend‧ence

Noun

independence (countable and uncountable, plural independences)

The state or quality of being independent; freedom from dependence; exemption from reliance on, or control by others; self-subsistence or maintenance; direction of one's own affairs without interference.
The state of having sufficient means for a comfortable livelihood.

Derived terms

Translations

state or quality of being independent

Afrikaans: onafhanklikheid (af)
Albanian: pavarësi (sq) f, pamvarësi f
Arabic: اِسْتِقْلَال‎ m (istiqlāl)
Armenian: անկախություն (hy) (ankaxutʿyun)
Asturian: independencia f
Azerbaijani: istiqlal (az), istiqlaliyyət (az), müstəqillik (az)
Bashkir: бойондороҡһоҙлоҡ (boyondoroqhoðloq)
Basque: please add this translation if you can
Belarusian: незале́жнасць f (njezaljéžnascʹ), самасто́йнасць f (samastójnascʹ)
Bengali: স্বাধীনতা (bn) (sbadhinta)
Bulgarian: незави́симост (bg) f (nezavísimost)
Burmese: ကိုယ့်မင်းကိုယ့်ချင်း (my) (kuiy.mang:kuiy.hkyang:), လွတ်လပ်ရေး (my) (lwatlap-re:)
Catalan: independència (ca) f
Chechen: лаамалла (laamalla) d, до̄зушцахилар (dōzušcaχilar)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 獨立 (yue) (duk⁶ laap⁶)

Mandarin: 獨立 (zh), 独立 (zh) (dúlì)

Min Nan: 獨立 (zh-min-nan) (to̍k-li̍p)
Crimean Tatar: mustaqillik
Czech: nezávislost (cs) f, samostatnost (cs) f
Danish: uafhængighed c, selvstændighed c
Dhivehi: please add this translation if you can
Dutch: onafhankelijkheid (nl) f, zelfstandigheid (nl) f
Esperanto: sendependeco
Estonian: iseseisvus
Finnish: itsenäisyys (fi)
French: indépendance (fr) f
Gagauz: baamsızlık
Galician: independencia (gl) f
Georgian: დამოუკიდებლობა (damouḳidebloba)
German: Unabhängigkeit (de) f
Greek: ανεξαρτησία (el) f (anexartisía)
Ancient Greek: αὐτονομία f (autonomía)
Gujarati: સ્વતંત્રતા (svatantratā)
Hebrew: עַצְמָאוּת‎ (he) f (atsmaút)
Hindi: स्वतंत्रता (hi) m (svatantratā)
Hungarian: függetlenség (hu)
Icelandic: sjálfstæði n, óhæði n
Indonesian: kemerdekaan (id)
Italian: indipendenza (it) f
Japanese: 独立 (ja) (どくりつ, dokuritsu)
Kannada: ಸ್ವಾತಂತ್ರ್ಯ (kn) (svātantrya)
Kazakh: тәуелсіздік (kk) (täwelsizdik)
Khmer: ឯករាជ្យ (km) (aikgareeich)
Korean: 독립 (ko) (dongnip) (獨立 (ko))
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: سەربەخۆیی‎ (serbexoyî)

Northern Kurdish: serbixweyî (ku)

Kyrgyz: көз каранды эместик (köz karandı emestik), өзүнчөлүк (ky) (özünçölük), багынбоочулук (ky) (bagınbooçuluk)
Lao: ເອກະລາດ (lo) (’ē ka lāt)
Latin: lībertās (la) f
Latvian: neatkarība f
Lithuanian: nepriklausomybė (lt) f
Macedonian: независност f (nezavisnost)
Malay: kemerdekaan
Malayalam: സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം (ml) (svātantryaṃ)
Maltese: indipendenza f
Maore Comorian: uhuru class 14
Maori: mana motuhake (political independence), motuhaketanga
Mongolian: бие даасан байдал (bije daasan bajdal), тусгаар тогтнол (tusgaar togtnol)
Nahuatl: tlācaxoxouhcāyōtl, tlakaxoxoukayotl
Norwegian:
Bokmål: uavhengighet (no) m or f

Nynorsk: sjølvstende n
Okinawan: ちゅいだち (cuidaci)
Oriya: please add this translation if you can
Persian: استقلال‎ (fa) (esteqlâl), آزادی‎ (fa) (âzâdi)
Polish: niepodległość (pl) f
Portuguese: independência (pt) f
Romanian: independență (ro) f
Russian: незави́симость (ru) f (nezavísimostʹ), самостоя́тельность (ru) f (samostojátelʹnostʹ)
Sardinian: indipendentzia f
Scots: unthirldom
Scottish Gaelic: neo-eisimeileachd
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: не̏овисно̄ст f, неза́висно̄ст f

Roman: nȅovisnōst (sh) f, nezávisnōst (sh) f
Sinhalese: ස්වාධීනත්‍වය (svādhīnat‍vaya)
Slovak: nezávislosť f
Slovene: neodvisnost (sl) f
Spanish: independencia (es) f
Swedish: oavhängighet (sv)
Tajik: истиқлол (istiqlol), озодӣ (tg) (ozodī)
Tamil: சுதந்திரம் (ta) (cutantiram)
Tatar: бәйсезлек (tt) (bäysezlek), мөстәкыйльлек (tt) (möstäqıyl’lek)
Telugu: స్వాతంత్ర్యము (te) (svātantryamu)
Thai: เอกราช (èek-gà-râat)
Tibetan: རང་བཙན (rang btsan)
Turkish: istiklal (tr), bağımsızlık (tr)
Turkmen: garaşsyzlyk
Ukrainian: незале́жність (uk) (nezaléžnistʹ), самості́йність f (samostíjnistʹ)
Urdu: استقلال‎ (istiqlāl), آزادی‎ (ur) f (āzādī)
Uzbek: mustaqillik (uz), ozodlik (uz), istiqlol (uz)
Vietnamese: độc lập (vi) (獨立)
Yiddish: אומאָפּהענגיקייט‎ f (umophengikeyt), זעלבשטענדיקייט‎ f (zelbshtendikeyt)

state of having sufficient means for a comfortable livelihood

Czech: nezávislost (cs) f, samostatnost (cs) f
Danish: uafhængighed c, selvstændighed c
Dutch: zelfstandigheid (nl) f, onafhankelijkheid (nl) f
Esperanto: memstareco, sendependenco
Estonian: sõltumatus
Finnish: riippumattomuus (fi)
German: Unabhängigkeit (de) f
Greek: ανεξαρτησία (el) f (anexartisía)
Hungarian: önállóság (hu)
Icelandic: sjálfstæði n
Italian: indipendenza (it) f

Latvian: neatkarība f
Norwegian:
Bokmål: uavhengighet (no) m or f
Polish: niezależność (pl) f
Portuguese: independência (pt) f
Romanian: independență (ro) f
Russian: незави́симость (ru) f (nezavísimostʹ), самостоя́тельность (ru) f (samostojátelʹnostʹ)
Scots: free staundin
Serbo-Croatian: nȅovisnōst (sh) f, nezávisnōst (sh) f
Spanish: independencia (es) f

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

French: ^{(please verify)} indépendance (fr) f
German: ^{(please verify)} Unabhängigkeit (de) f, ^{(please verify)} Selbständigkeit f
Hebrew: ^{(please verify)} עַצְמָאוּת‎ (he) f (a'tsmaot)
Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} kemerdekaan (id)
Kurdish:
Sorani: ^{(please verify)} سه‌ربه‌خۆیی‎ (ku) (sarbakhoyee)

Maltese: ^{(please verify)} indipendenza f
Old English: ^{(please verify)} selfdom
Swedish: ^{(please verify)} självständighet (sv) c

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