iekša

See also: iekšā

Latvian

Etymology

Abstracted as a singular, with independent meaning, from the plural iekšas (guts, entrails), from an earlier (and still dialectal) iešas with an epenthetic k, from Proto-Baltic *en-styā-s, derived from *en-, *h₁en (in(side)). The adverb iekšā (inside) is the corresponding locative case form; in 16th- and 17th-century sources an old illative form iekšan is also used (from which is derived the old-fashioned preposition iekš). Cognates include Lithuanian įšcios ((pl.) mother's lap; depth), Old Prussian instran (lard), Old Church Slavonic ѩтро (jętro, liver), Old Norse istr (inner fat), Middle Low German inster (slaughtered animal entrails), Ancient Greek ἔντερον (énteron, guts, intestines).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ìɛkʃa]
(file)

Noun

iekša m (1st declension)

  1. interior, inside (the space in the inside of a building, house, etc.)
    rijas iekša ir melnathe inside of the barn is black
    nākt no iekšasto come from inside
    dzīvot, strādāt pa iekšuto live, to work inside
    durvis bija no iekšas cietthe door was shut from the inside
  2. (chiefly reduced, used in compounds as a quasi-prefix) internal, inside, inner
    iekšlogsinterior, inside window
    iekšdurvisinterior door
    iekšsienainterior wall
    iekškabatainner pocket
    iekšdarbiinterior works
  3. in, inside (of something, some object)
    likt pēdas uz iekšuto put one's food in(side) (something)
    zēni sabāzuši kopā, jaunākais rociņu satvēris dūrē ar īkšķīti uz iekšuthe boys were packed together, the youngest one having clutched his little hand into a fist with the thumb inside

Declension

Synonyms

  • (of "internal, inner"): iekšējs
  • (of "inside (of something)"): iekšpuse

Antonyms

  • (of "(area) inside"): ārs
  • (of "in, inside"): ārā
  • (of "internal, inner"): ārējs

Derived terms

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), iekša”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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