gaspiller
French
Etymology
From Middle French gaspiller "to waste" (c. 1549). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a modification of Middle French gaspailler "to throw back/reject bullets of wheat" from Old French gaspail, vaspale "bullet of wheat" (compare Medieval Latin gaspalium; Old Northern French waspail "chaff"), from Frankish *wispila "measure of grain" from Proto-Germanic *wisp- (“measure of grain”). Akin to Middle Dutch wispel, Middle Low German wispel, Norwegian visp, English wisp "handful or bundle of hay or grass". More at wisp.
Alternate etymology connects Middle French gaspiller to Frankish *gaspillan, *gaspildjan "to waste" from Proto-Germanic *gaspilþijaną (“to destroy, waste”), from Proto-Indo-European *spel- (“to break off, split”), making it cognate with Old High German gaspildan "to squander, waste", Middle Dutch spillen "to waste", Old English ġespillan "to spill, waste, spend". Compare also Occitan guespillar, gispillar "to trouble, tease" from the same Germanic source. More at spill.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡas.pi.je/
audio (file)
Conjugation
present participle | gaspillant /ɡas.pi.jɑ̃/ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | gaspillé /ɡas.pi.je/ | ||||||
infinitive | |||||||
simple | gaspiller | ||||||
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
gerund1 | |||||||
simple | gaspillant /ɡas.pi.jɑ̃/ | ||||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | gaspille /ɡas.pij/ |
gaspilles /ɡas.pij/ |
gaspille /ɡas.pij/ |
gaspillons /ɡas.pi.jɔ̃/ |
gaspillez /ɡas.pi.je/ |
gaspillent /ɡas.pij/ |
imperfect | gaspillais /ɡas.pi.jɛ/ |
gaspillais /ɡas.pi.jɛ/ |
gaspillait /ɡas.pi.jɛ/ |
gaspillions /ɡas.pij.jɔ̃/ |
gaspilliez /ɡas.pij.je/ |
gaspillaient /ɡas.pi.jɛ/ | |
past historic2 | gaspillai /ɡas.pi.je/ |
gaspillas /ɡas.pi.ja/ |
gaspilla /ɡas.pi.ja/ |
gaspillâmes /ɡas.pi.jam/ |
gaspillâtes /ɡas.pi.jat/ |
gaspillèrent /ɡas.pi.jɛʁ/ | |
future | gaspillerai /ɡas.pij.ʁe/ |
gaspilleras /ɡas.pij.ʁa/ |
gaspillera /ɡas.pij.ʁa/ |
gaspillerons /ɡas.pij.ʁɔ̃/ |
gaspillerez /ɡas.pij.ʁe/ |
gaspilleront /ɡas.pij.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | gaspillerais /ɡas.pij.ʁɛ/ |
gaspillerais /ɡas.pij.ʁɛ/ |
gaspillerait /ɡas.pij.ʁɛ/ |
gaspillerions /ɡas.pi.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gaspilleriez /ɡas.pi.jə.ʁje/ |
gaspilleraient /ɡas.pij.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | gaspille /ɡas.pij/ |
gaspilles /ɡas.pij/ |
gaspille /ɡas.pij/ |
gaspillions /ɡas.pij.jɔ̃/ |
gaspilliez /ɡas.pij.je/ |
gaspillent /ɡas.pij/ |
imperfect2 | gaspillasse /ɡas.pi.jas/ |
gaspillasses /ɡas.pi.jas/ |
gaspillât /ɡas.pi.ja/ |
gaspillassions /ɡas.pi.ja.sjɔ̃/ |
gaspillassiez /ɡas.pi.ja.sje/ |
gaspillassent /ɡas.pi.jas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | gaspille /ɡas.pij/ |
— | gaspillons /ɡas.pi.jɔ̃/ |
gaspillez /ɡas.pi.je/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “gaspiller” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Middle French
Verb
gaspiller
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gaspiller | avoir gaspillé | |||||
gerund | en gaspillant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | gaspillant | ||||||
past participle | gaspillé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
simple tenses |
present | gaspille | gaspilles | gaspille | gaspillons | gaspillez | gaspillent |
imperfect | gaspillois, gaspilloys | gaspillois, gaspilloys | gaspilloit, gaspilloyt | gaspillions, gaspillyons | gaspilliez, gaspillyez | gaspilloient, gaspilloyent | |
past historic | gaspilla | gaspillas | gaspilla | gaspillasmes | gaspillastes | gaspillerent | |
future | gaspillerai, gaspilleray | gaspilleras | gaspillera | gaspillerons | gaspillerez | gaspilleront | |
conditional | gaspillerois, gaspilleroys | gaspillerois, gaspilleroys | gaspilleroit, gaspilleroyt | gaspillerions, gaspilleryons | gaspilleriez, gaspilleryez | gaspilleroient, gaspilleroyent | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
simple tenses |
present | gaspille | gaspilles | gaspille | gaspillons | gaspillez | gaspillent |
imperfect | gaspillasse | gaspillasses | gaspillast | gaspillassions | gaspillassiez | gaspillassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
— | gaspille | — | gaspillons | gaspillez | — |